ReviewThe Egyptian heart journal : (EHJ) : official bulletin of the Egyptian Society of Cardiology2021
Anemia in heart failure: still an unsolved enigma.
Review in The Egyptian heart journal : (EHJ) : official bulletin of the Egyptian Society of Cardiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of anemia on clinical outcomes in patients with acute heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical cardiology · 2024Pooled it
- Frequency of Anemia in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF).Cureus · 2026Article
- Anemia in heart failure: evidence from a three-year cross-sectional study in Sudan.Journal of pharmaceutical health care and sciences · 2025Article
- Prevalence of anemia and its association with poor outcomes in acute heart failure patients in northeastern Thailand.International journal of emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- Prevalence of anemia, its associated factors, and impact on quality of life among heart failure with reduced ejection fraction outpatients at the university of Gondar hospital, Ethiopia.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Cell-free plasma telomere length correlated with the risk of cardiovascular events using machine learning classifiers.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Transfusion Requirements for Severe Anemia in Acute Cardiovascular Patients-A Single Center Retrospective Study in Constanta County Cardiology Department.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Prevalence and independent predictors of Iron deficiency in Yemeni patients with congestive heart failure: a retrospective cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Review
- Predictors of mortality in heart failure patients with reduced or mildly reduced Ejection Fraction: The CASABLANCA HF Study.The Egyptian heart journal : (EHJ) : official bulletin of the Egyptian Society of Cardiology · 2024Article
- Right ventricular function and anemia in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- An Audit of Iron Deficiency in Hospitalised Heart Failure Patients: A Commonly Neglected Comorbidity.Cureus · 2023Article
- Review
- A Case Report on an Underappreciated Cause of Heart Failure: Chronic Viral Myocarditis.Cureus · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAnemia affects one-third of heart failure patients and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Despite being one of the commonest comorbidities associated with heart failure, there is a significant knowledge gap about management of anemia in the setting of heart failure due to conflicting evidence from recent trials. MAIN BODY: The etiology of anemia in heart failure is multifactorial, with absolute and functional iron deficiency, decreased erythropoietin levels and erythropoietin resistance, inflammatory state and heart failure medications being the important causative factors. Anemia adversely affects the already compromised hemodynamics in heart failure, besides being commonly associated with more comorbidities and more severe disease. Though low hemoglobin levels are associated with poor outcomes, the correction of anemia has not been consistently associated with improved outcomes. Parenteral iron improves the functional capacity in iron deficient heart failure patients, the effects are independent of hemoglobin levels, and also the evidence on hard clinical outcomes is yet to be ascertained.
conclusionDespite all the research, anemia in heart failure remains an enigma. Perhaps, anemia is a marker of severe disease, rather than the cause of poor outcome in these patients. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of anemia in heart failure, its management and the newer therapies being studied.
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Registered trials
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