ArticleViruses2021
Exacerbation of Influenza A Virus Disease Severity by Respiratory Syncytial Virus Co-Infection in a Mouse Model.
Article in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Double trouble: how co- and superinfections shape viral dynamics and host responses.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- The oral nucleoside analogue inhibitor VV251 effectively inhibits coinfection by respiratory syncytial virus and influenza A virus.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Structural and temporal dynamics of pediatric influenza prevention and treatment: a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of historical evolution and emerging trends.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- Human Influenza Virus Infection: A Focus on Key Host Determinants Linked to Clinical Disease Severity.Viruses · 2026Review
- Respiratory viral coinfections: interactions, mechanisms and clinical implications.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- Experimental Models to Investigate Viral and Cellular Dynamics in Respiratory Viral Co-Infections.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Influenza A virus interferes with respiratory syncytial virus in mice and reconstituted human airway epithelium.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Harnessing Epigenetics: Innovative Approaches in Diagnosing and Combating Viral Acute Respiratory Infections.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Characterizing the interactions between influenza and respiratory syncytial viruses and their implications for epidemic control.Nature communications · 2024Article
- The Development of Animal Models for Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection and Enhanced RSV Disease.Viruses · 2024Review
- Respiratory Viral Coinfections: Insights into Epidemiology, Immune Response, Pathology, and Clinical Outcomes.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- An RNA-hydrolyzing recombinant minibody prevents both influenza A virus and coronavirus in co-infection models.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Transient increased risk of influenza infection following RSV infection in South Africa: findings from the PHIRST study, South Africa, 2016-2018.BMC medicine · 2023Article
- Late diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus and influenza co-infection during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2023Article
- Influenza A and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Trigger a Cellular Response That Blocks Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Virus 2 Infection in the Respiratory Tract.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Severe COVID-19 outcomes in pediatrics: An observational cohort analysis comparing Alpha, Delta, and Omicron variants.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2023Article
- Toxoplasma gondii, HBV, and HCV co-infection and their correlation with CD4 cells among Iranian HIV-positive patients.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Article
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Protects Bystander Cells against Influenza A Virus Infection by Triggering Secretion of Type I and Type III Interferons.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Priming With Rhinovirus Protects Mice Against a Lethal Pulmonary Coronavirus Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Quo Vadis Influenza?China CDC weekly · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are leading causes of childhood infections. RSV and influenza are competitive in vitro. In this study, the in vivo effects of RSV and IAV co-infection were investigated. Mice were intranasally inoculated with RSV, with IAV, or with both viruses (RSV+IAV and IAV+RSV) administered sequentially, 24 h apart. On days 3 and 7 post-infection, lung tissues were processed for viral loads and immune cell populations. Lung functions were also evaluated. Mortality was observed only in the IAV+RSV group (50% of mice did not survive beyond 7 days). On day 3, the viral loads in single-infected and co-infected mice were not significantly different. However, on day 7, the IAV titer was much higher in the IAV+RSV group, and the RSV viral load was reduced. CD4 T cells were reduced in all groups on day 7 except in single-infected mice. CD8 T cells were higher in all experimental groups except the RSV-alone group. Increased airway resistance and reduced thoracic compliance were demonstrated in both co-infected groups. This model indicates that, among all the infection types we studied, infection with IAV followed by RSV is associated with the highest IAV viral loads and the most morbidity and mortality.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.