ReviewPharmaceutics2021
Neurovascular Unit: A New Target for Treating Early Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy.
Review in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist and Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials.Clinical drug investigation · 2023Pooled it
- Exosomes in the treatment of age-related ophthalmic diseases: an updated review.International ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Dysfunction of the Neurovascular Unit in Diabetic Retinopathy: Advances from Molecular Mechanisms to Targeted Interventions.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- Neuroprotection in Early Diabetic Retinal Disease Using Eyedrop Delivery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Calcium at the Helm: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets in the Retinal Neurovascular Unit.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Eyedrop Administration of DPP-4 Inhibitors: A New Strategy for Treating Early Stages of Diabetic Retinal Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Sympathetic Stress and Sleep Loss in Diabetic Retinopathy: Links to Retinal Blood-Flow Control.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Role of NADPH Oxidases as Novel Therapeutic Targets for the Impaired Neurovascular Unit in the Early Stage of Diabetic Retinopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Neuroprotection in Diabetes Retinal Disease: An Unmet Medical Need.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Nanoparticle-Mediated Lutein Delivery for Diabetic Retinopathy: From Blood-Retinal Barrier Crossing to Neurovascular Unit Protection.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Neurovascular unit uncoupling in diabetic retinopathy: molecular mechanisms and stage-adapted therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Exerkines in diabetic retinopathy: from mechanisms to therapeutic prospects.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Neurodegeneration as an early driver and therapeutic target in diabetic retinopathy.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Effect of sitagliptin on diabetes-induced hyperpermeability of blood-retinal barrier components.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Elucidating programmed cell death in diabetic retinal microangionopathy and neurodegeneration: unraveling molecular mechanisms and therapeutic actions of natural products.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
- Curcumol targets the FTO/MAFG-AS1 axis to alleviate diabetic retinopathyWorld journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- Diabetes-Driven Retinal Neurodegeneration: Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- The relationship between ON-OFF function and OCT structural and angiographic parameters in early diabetic retinal disease.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025Article
- Regulatory T cell expansion prevents retinal degeneration in type 2 diabetes.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Forecasting the Pharmacological Mechanisms ofBiology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The concept of diabetic retinopathy as a microvascular disease has evolved and is now considered a more complex diabetic complication in which neurovascular unit impairment plays an essential role and, therefore, can be considered as a main therapeutic target in the early stages of the disease. However, neurodegeneration is not always the apparent primary event in the natural story of diabetic retinopathy, and a phenotyping characterization is recommendable to identify those patients in whom neuroprotective treatment might be of benefit. In recent years, a myriad of treatments based on neuroprotection have been tested in experimental models, but more interestingly, there are drugs with a dual activity (neuroprotective and vasculotropic). In this review, the recent evidence concerning the therapeutic approaches targeting neurovascular unit impairment will be presented, along with a critical review of the scientific gaps and problems which remain to be overcome before our knowledge can be transferred to clinical practice.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.