ArticleVaccines2021
"Vaccine Passports" May Backfire: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study in the UK and Israel on Willingness to Get Vaccinated against COVID-19.
Article in Vaccines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of strategies to promote vaccination uptake.Nature human behaviour · 2024Pooled it
- Public support for unequal treatment of unvaccinated citizens: Evidence from Denmark.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2022Trial
- Behavioural determinants of testing behaviour during a hypothetical human-to-human avian influenza outbreak: an interview study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Impact of Vaccination-Differentiated Public Health and Social Measures on Vaccine Uptake Among the Vaccine Hesitant.AJPM focus · 2026Article
- Portrayal of risk information and its impact on audiences' risk perception during the Covid-19 pandemic: A multi-method approach.Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis · 2025Article
- COVID-19 vaccinations among German university students: The role of fear of COVID-19 and risk assessment.PloS one · 2025Article
- Changing parental perceptions to childhood immunisations during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK: evidence from three cross-sectional surveys between 2020 and 2022.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Developing and validating a culturally tailored questionnaire to assess COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Israel's ultraorthodox Jewish population.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Short-term and long-term behavioral effects of vaccination mandates.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- An online RCT on behavioural expectations effects of COVID-19 certification policies in England.Vaccine: X · 2023Article
- Assessing the impact of COVID-19 passes and mandates on disease transmission, vaccination intention, and uptake: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Recent trends in vaccine coverage and confidence: A cause for concern.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- The Moral Foundations of Vaccine Passports.Journal of business ethics : JBE · 2023Article
- COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and its socio-demographic and emotional determinants: A multi-country cross-sectional study.Vaccine · 2023Article
- Willingness to receive a COVID-19 booster vaccine and its associated factors among adults with chronic disease: A cross-sectional study in Putrajaya, Malaysia.Malaysian family physician : the official journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia · 2023Article
- Overcoming the effect of pandemic fatigue on vaccine hesitancy-Will belief in science triumph?Journal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing · 2023Article
- Forecasting sub-national trends in COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the UK before vaccine rollout.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Public views on the Covid-19 immunity certificate: A scoping review.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2022Article
- Review
- "I Would Never Push a Vaccine on You": A Qualitative Study of Social Norms and Pressure in Vaccine Behavior in the U.S.Vaccines · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Domestic "vaccine passports" are being implemented across the world as a way of increasing vaccinated people's freedom of movement and to encourage vaccination. However, these vaccine passports may affect people's vaccination decisions in unintended and undesirable ways. This cross-sectional study investigated whether people's willingness and motivation to get vaccinated relate to their psychological needs (autonomy, competence and relatedness), and how vaccine passports might affect these needs. Across two countries and 1358 participants, we found that need frustration-particularly autonomy frustration-was associated with lower willingness to get vaccinated and with a shift from self-determined to external motivation. In Israel (a country with vaccine passports), people reported greater autonomy frustration than in the UK (a country without vaccine passports). Our findings suggest that control measures, such as domestic vaccine passports, may have detrimental effects on people's autonomy, motivation, and willingness to get vaccinated. Policies should strive to achieve a highly vaccinated population by supporting individuals' autonomous motivation to get vaccinated and using messages of autonomy and relatedness, rather than applying pressure and external controls.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.