ArticlePathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Diagnostic Measures of Disease Progression in Cattle Following Natural Infection with Bovine Leukemia Virus.
Article in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Circulating Cell-Free DNA of Bovine Leukemia Virus: A Promising Biomarker for Enzootic Bovine Leukosis.Microbiology and immunology · 2025Article
- Development and application of a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection and genotyping of bovine leukemia virus in cattle from Kazakhstan.Veterinary world · 2025Article
- Bovine Leukemia Virus: Origin, Prevalence, Phylogenetic Diversity, Risk Factors, and Strategies for Control.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Whole-transcriptome analysis of BLV-infected cows reveals downregulation of immune response genes in high proviral loads cows.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Transcriptome of Dairy Cows Naturally Infected with Bovine Leukemia Virus.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 and programmed cell death ligand 1 blockade increases the effectiveness of interleukin-15 immunotherapy in a bovine leukemia model.Veterinary world · 2024Article
- Relationship of persistent lymphocytosis, antibody titers, and proviral load with expression of interleukin-12, interferon-γ, interleukin-2, interleukin-4, interleukin-10, and transforming growth factor-β in cows infected with bovine leukemia virus from a high-prevalence dairy complex.Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire · 2022Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This study describes the longitudinal changes in bovine leukemia virus (BLV) ELISA antibodies, proviral load (PVL), and blood lymphocyte counts (LC) observed over a 2.5-year period in naturally infected cattle. The dataset utilized was from a BLV intervention field trial on three Midwestern dairy herds. Our analysis showed ELISA false negatives were more likely to occur in cattle with low PVL and normal LC. On average, negligible changes in LC were observed during six-month intervals. Periods of lymphocytosis, defined as >10,000 lymphocytes per uL of blood, were observed in 31.5% (68/216) of BLV test-positive cattle. In BLV test-positive cows, an average increase of 2900 to 3100 proviral copies per 100,000 cells was observed during each subsequent six-month sampling interval. The difference between the minimum and maximum PVL observed for an ELISA-positive cow with 3 or more observations ranged from 0 to 115,600 copies per 100,000 cells (median: 12,900; mean: 19,200). Therefore, following the identification of ELISA-positive cattle and the assessment of PVL and LC, subsequent semiannual tests to assess disease progression may not be needed. Further work is needed to determine how available diagnostic tests can be optimized to design cost-effective testing schemes for BLV control programs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.