ArticlePolymers2021
Development of a Multi-Layer Skin Substitute Using Human Hair Keratinic Extract-Based Hybrid 3D Printing.
Article in Polymers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advancements in Functional Polymeric Scaffolds for Scar-Free Skin Regeneration.Polymer science & technology (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Biomaterial Strategies for Three-Dimensional Bioprinting and Drug Delivery Application.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Biopolymer-Based Electrospun Nanofibers for Wound Healing, Regeneration, and Therapeutics.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A bioactive three-layered skin substitute based on ECM components effectively promotes skin wound healing and regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Investigation of human hair keratin-based nanofibrous scaffold for skin tissue engineering application.Drug delivery and translational research · 2024Article
- Optimizing scaffold pore size for tissue engineering: insights across various tissue types.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Optimization Method to Predict Optimal Noise Reduction Parameters for the Non-Local Means Algorithm Based on the Scintillator Thickness in Radiography.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- 3D printed drug loaded nanomaterials for wound healing applications.Regenerative therapy · 2023Review
- Nano drug delivery systems: a promising approach to scar prevention and treatment.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2023Review
- Integration of 3D Printing-Coelectrospinning: Concept Shifting in Biomedical Applications.ACS omega · 2023Review
- Current Status and Future Outlook of Additive Manufacturing Technologies for the Reconstruction of the Trachea.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2023Review
- Biomaterials as a Vital Frontier for Stem Cell-Based Tissue Regeneration.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- Recent Advances in Functional Polymer Materials for Energy, Water, and Biomedical Applications: A Review.Polymers · 2021Review
- Electrospinning and Additive Manufacturing: Adding Three-Dimensionality to Electrospun Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Review
- A Minireview of Microfluidic Scaffold Materials in Tissue Engineering.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Review
- Innovative bioinks for 3D bioprinting: Exploring technological potential and regulatory challenges.Journal of tissue engineeringReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Large-sized or deep skin wounds require skin substitutes for proper healing without scar formation. Therefore, multi-layered skin substitutes that mimic the genuine skin anatomy of multiple layers have attracted attention as suitable skin substitutes. In this study, a novel skin substitute was developed by combining the multi-layer skin tissue reconstruction method with the combination of a human-derived keratinic extract-loaded nano- and micro-fiber using electrospinning and a support structure using 3D printing. A polycaprolactone PCL/keratin electrospun scaffold showed better cell adhesion and proliferation than the keratin-free PCL scaffold, and keratinocytes and fibroblasts showed better survival, adhesion, and proliferation in the PCL/keratin electrospun nanofiber scaffold and microfiber scaffold, respectively. In a co-culture of keratinocytes and fibroblasts using a multi-layered scaffold, the two cells formed the epidermis and dermal layer on the PCL/keratin scaffold without territorial invasion. In the animal study, the PCL/keratin scaffold caused a faster regeneration of new skin without scar formation compared to the PCL scaffold. Our study showed that PCL/keratin scaffolds co-cultured with keratinocytes and fibroblasts promoted the regeneration of the epidermal and dermal layers in deep skin defects. Such finding suggests a new possibility for artificial skin production using multiple cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.