Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34451034›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Use of Hyperspectral Imaging for the Quantification of Organic Contaminants on Copper Surfaces for Electronic Applications.

Tim Englert, Florian Gruber, Jan Stiedl, Simon Green, Timo Jacob, Karsten Rebner, Wulf Grählert

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Tim EnglertRobert Bosch GmbH, Automotive Electronics, Postfach 1342, 72703 Reutlingen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-8622-917X
Florian GruberFraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS, Winterbergstraße 28, 01277 Dresden, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-9405-797X
Jan StiedlRobert Bosch GmbH, Automotive Electronics, Postfach 1342, 72703 Reutlingen, Germany.
Simon GreenRobert Bosch GmbH, Automotive Electronics, Postfach 1342, 72703 Reutlingen, Germany.
Timo JacobInstitute of Electrochemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, 89081 Ulm, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7777-2306
Karsten RebnerProcess Analysis and Technology PA & T, Reutlingen University, Alteburgstraße 150, 72762 Reutlingen, Germany.
Wulf GrählertFraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology IWS, Winterbergstraße 28, 01277 Dresden, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To correctly assess the cleanliness of technical surfaces in a production process, corresponding online monitoring systems must provide sufficient data. A promising method for fast, large-area, and non-contact monitoring is hyperspectral imaging (HSI), which was used in this paper for the detection and quantification of organic surface contaminations. Depending on the cleaning parameter constellation, different levels of organic residues remained on the surface. Afterwards, the cleanliness was determined by the carbon content in the atom percent on the sample surfaces, characterized by XPS and AES. The HSI data and the XPS measurements were correlated, using machine learning methods, to generate a predictive model for the carbon content of the surface. The regression algorithms elastic net, random forest regression, and support vector machine regression were used. Overall, the developed method was able to quantify organic contaminations on technical surfaces. The best regression model found was a random forest model, which achieved an R

Indexed as

CopperHyperspectral ImagingElectronicsMachine LearningSupport Vector MachineCopperAEScleaning after solderingcleanlinesselastic netHSImachine learningmultivariate analysisorganic residuesRFspectral imagingSVMXPS

Identifiers

PMID34451034
PMCPMC8402274

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.