Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34450735›Full record

ReviewSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Automated Bowel Sound Analysis: An Overview.

Jan Krzysztof Nowak, Robert Nowak, Kacper Radzikowski, Ireneusz Grulkowski, Jaroslaw Walkowiak

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jan Krzysztof NowakDepartment of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznan, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-0953-2188
Robert NowakArtificial Intelligence Division, Institute of Computer Science, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-7248-6888
Kacper RadzikowskiArtificial Intelligence Division, Institute of Computer Science, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland.
Ireneusz GrulkowskiFaculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Institute of Physics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-7688-1826
Jaroslaw WalkowiakDepartment of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznan, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-5813-5707

Funding

Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej #POIR.04.04.00-00-5C9B/17-00Politechnika Warszawska BIO-TECHMED grant.Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu Grant for young scientists.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite technological progress, we lack a consensus on the method of conducting automated bowel sound (BS) analysis and, consequently, BS tools have not become available to doctors. We aimed to briefly review the literature on BS recording and analysis, with an emphasis on the broad range of analytical approaches. Scientific journals and conference materials were researched with a specific set of terms (Scopus, MEDLINE, IEEE) to find reports on BS. The research articles identified were analyzed in the context of main research directions at a number of centers globally. Automated BS analysis methods were already well developed by the early 2000s. Accuracy of 90% and higher had been achieved with various analytical approaches, including wavelet transformations, multi-layer perceptrons, independent component analysis and autoregressive-moving-average models. Clinical research on BS has exposed their important potential in the non-invasive diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome, in surgery, and for the investigation of gastrointestinal motility. The most recent advances are linked to the application of artificial intelligence and the development of dedicated BS devices. BS research is technologically mature, but lacks uniform methodology, an international forum for discussion and an open platform for data exchange. A common ground is needed as a starting point. The next key development will be the release of freely available benchmark datasets with labels confirmed by human experts.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceGastrointestinal DiseasesNeural Networks, ComputerAutomationHumansSoundautomated analysisbowel soundintestinemotilityrecording

Identifiers

PMID34450735
PMCPMC8400220

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.