ArticlePLoS pathogens2021
Increased homeostatic cytokines and stability of HIV-infected memory CD4 T-cells identify individuals with suboptimal CD4 T-cell recovery on-ART.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Upregulation of cellular exhaustion-related genes and CD4 + T cell disturbances in immunological non-responders on antiretroviral therapy.Immunologic research · 2026Article
- Article
- Immunorecovered but Exhausted: Persistent PD-1/PD-L1 Expression Despite Virologic Suppression and CD4 Recovery in PLWH.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Limited restoration of T cell subset distribution and immune function in older people living with HIV-1 receiving HAART.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Article
- Cytokine trajectory over time in men and women with HIV on long-term antiretroviral therapy.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- Plasma Levels of Secreted Cytokines in Virologically Controlled HIV-Infected Aging Adult Individuals on Long-Term Antiretroviral Therapy.Viral immunology · 2024Article
- Distinct inflammation-related proteins associated with T cell immune recovery during chronic HIV-1 infection.Emerging microbes & infections · 2023Article
- Selective loss of CD107a TIGIT+ memory HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells in PLWH over a decade of ART.eLife · 2023Article
- IL-15 enhances HIV-1 infection by promoting survival and proliferation of CCR5+CD4+ T cells.JCI insight · 2023Article
- HIV post-treatment controllers have distinct immunological and virological features.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Recent advances in poor HIV immune reconstitution: what will the future look like?Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- The role of CD101-expressing CD4 T cells in HIV/SIV pathogenesis and persistence.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Gut-derived bacterial toxins impair memory CD4+ T cell mitochondrial function in HIV-1 infection.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2022Article
- Epigenome-wide epidemiologic studies of human immunodeficiency virus infection, treatment, and disease progression.Clinical epigenetics · 2022Review
- Decreased CD73+ Double-Negative T Cells and Elevated Level of Soluble CD73 Correlated With and Predicted Poor Immune Reconstitution in HIV-Infected Patients After Antiretroviral Therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Mitochondrial Exhaustion of Memory CD4 T-Cells in Treated HIV-1 Infection.Immunometabolism · 2022Article
- Comparative Transcriptional Analysis Identified Characteristic Genes and Patterns in HIV-Infected Immunological Non-Responders.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Clinical outcomes are inferior for individuals with HIV having suboptimal CD4 T-cell recovery during antiretroviral therapy (ART). We investigated if the levels of infection and the response to homeostatic cytokines of CD4 T-cell subsets contributed to divergent CD4 T-cell recovery and HIV reservoir during ART by studying virologically-suppressed immunologic responders (IR, achieving a CD4 cell count >500 cells/μL on or before two years after ART initiation), and virologically-suppressed suboptimal responders (ISR, did not achieve a CD4 cell count >500 cells/μL in the first two years after ART initiation). Compared to IR, ISR demonstrated higher levels of HIV-DNA in naïve, central (CM), transitional (TM), and effector (EM) memory CD4 T-cells in blood, both pre- and on-ART, and specifically in CM CD4 T-cells in LN on-ART. Furthermore, ISR had higher pre-ART plasma levels of IL-7 and IL-15, cytokines regulating T-cell homeostasis. Notably, pre-ART PD-1 and TIGIT expression levels were higher in blood CM and TM CD4 T-cells for ISR; this was associated with a significantly lower fold-changes in HIV-DNA levels between pre- and on-ART time points exclusively on CM and TM T-cell subsets, but not naïve or EM T-cells. Finally, the frequency of CM CD4 T-cells expressing PD-1 or TIGIT pre-ART as well as plasma levels of IL-7 and IL-15 predicted HIV-DNA content on-ART. Our results establish the association between infection, T-cell homeostasis, and expression of PD-1 and TIGIT in long-lived CD4 T-cell subsets prior to ART with CD4 T-cell recovery and HIV persistence on-ART.
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