Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34449739›Full record

ArticleTomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.)2021

The Significance of Echo Time in fMRI BOLD Contrast: A Clinical Study during Motor and Visual Activation Tasks at 1.5 T.

Themistoklis Boursianis, Georgios Kalaitzakis, Katerina Nikiforaki, Emmanouela Kosteletou, Despina Antypa, George A Gourzoulidis, Apostolos Karantanas, Efrosini Papadaki, Panagiotis Simos, Thomas G Maris and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. TE-aware state analysis and evolution in dynamic network connectivity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Themistoklis BoursianisDepartment of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece.
Georgios KalaitzakisDepartment of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece.
Katerina NikiforakiComputational Biomedicine Laboratory (CBML), Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Greece.
Emmanouela KosteletouInstitute of Applied Mathematics, FORTH, 70013 Heraklion, Greece.
Despina AntypaDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece.
George A GourzoulidisResearch & Measurements Center of OHS Hazardous Agents, OHS Directorate, Hellenic Ministry of Labor, 10110 Athens, Greece.
Apostolos KarantanasComputational Biomedicine Laboratory (CBML), Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Greece.
Efrosini PapadakiComputational Biomedicine Laboratory (CBML), Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Greece.
Panagiotis SimosComputational Biomedicine Laboratory (CBML), Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Greece.
Thomas G MarisDepartment of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece.
Kostas MariasComputational Biomedicine Laboratory (CBML), Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Greece.ORCID 0000-0003-3783-5223

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) is a commonly-used MR imaging technique in studying brain function. The BOLD signal can be strongly affected by specific sequence parameters, especially in small field strengths. Previous small-scale studies have investigated the effect of TE on BOLD contrast. This study evaluates the dependence of fMRI results on echo time (TE) during concurrent activation of the visual and motor cortex at 1.5 T in a larger sample of 21 healthy volunteers. The experiment was repeated using two different TE values (50 and 70 ms) in counterbalanced order. Furthermore, T2* measurements of the gray matter were performed. Results indicated that both peak beta value and number of voxels were significantly higher using TE = 70 than TE = 50 ms in primary motor, primary somatosensory and supplementary motor cortices (

Indexed as

Motor CortexNeurochemistryVisual CortexHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingBOLDecho timefMRI/motor activationfMRI/visual activationMR imagingT2* measurement

Identifiers

PMID34449739
PMCPMC8396192

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.