ReviewCureus2021
Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Manifestations of Acute Esophageal Necrosis in Adults.
Review in Cureus, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Markers of Prognosis for Acute Esophageal Necrosis: A Systematic Review.Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- The two-hit hypothesis in acute esophageal necrosis: black esophagus in severe atherosclerosis and untreated gastroesophageal reflux disease: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2026Article
- Acute oesophageal necrosis: single centre experience.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Case report: Three contrasting presentations of acute oesophageal necrosis and the determinants of outcome.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Managing Acute Esophageal Necrosis Secondary to Diabetic Ketoacidosis in a Rural Centre: A Case Report and Proposed Algorithm for Management.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Multidisciplinary Management of Acute Esophageal Necrosis Secondary to Alcoholic Lactic Acidosis: A Case Report.Reports (MDPI) · 2025Article
- Article
- Multidisciplinary Management of a Patient with acute Oesophageal Necrosis and Severe Neurological Symptoms with Full Recovery.European journal of case reports in internal medicine · 2025Article
- Acute esophageal necrosis in the post-operative period: a narrative review of presentation, management, and outcomes.Journal of thoracic disease · 2024Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Acute esophageal necrosis (AEN), also termed "black esophagus," is a unique and uncommon occurrence observed in severely sick patients. Other terminologies include acute necrotizing esophagitis and Gurvits syndrome. This condition is described as a darkened distal third of the esophagus observed on endoscopy and presents as an upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleed, difficulty swallowing, abdominal pain, fever, syncope, nausea, and vomiting. The etiology of AEN has been linked to several possibilities, such as excessive gastric acid reflux, hypoperfusion, and ischemia due to impaired vascular supply and hemodynamic instability. Risk factors include increased age, sex (male), heart disease, hemodynamic insufficiency, alcohol use, gastric outlet obstruction, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), malnutrition, renal disease, and trauma which also have the propensity to complicate disease course. An esophageal biopsy is not warranted. Treatment of AEN is comprised of supportive management with intravenous fluids, proton pump inhibitors (PPI), sucralfate, parenteral nutrition, and antacids. Management of preexisting comorbidities associated with AEN is crucial to prevent exacerbation of the disease course that could result in a poor prognosis and increased mortality rates. This literature review article comprises epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of AEN.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.