Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34446127›Full record

ArticlePublic health nutrition2021

Household-level double burden of malnutrition in Ethiopia: a comparison of Addis Ababa and the rural district of Kersa.

Lilia Bliznashka, Mia M Blakstad, Yemane Berhane, Amare W Tadesse, Nega Assefa, Goodarz Danaei, Chelsey R Canavan, Elena C Hemler, Wafaie W Fawzi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Public health nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Defining double burden of malnutrition across individual, household and population level: A narrative review.Nutrition & dietetics : the journal of the Dietitians Association of Australia · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Lilia BliznashkaDepartment of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Building 1, 11th Floor, Boston, MA02115, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2084-1141
Mia M BlakstadDepartment of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Building 1, 11th Floor, Boston, MA02115, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5915-099X
Yemane BerhaneAddis Continental Institute of Public Health, Yeka Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Amare W TadesseAddis Continental Institute of Public Health, Yeka Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Nega AssefaCollege of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0003-0341-2329
Goodarz DanaeiDepartment of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Building 1, 11th Floor, Boston, MA02115, USA.
Chelsey R CanavanDepartment of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Building 1, 11th Floor, Boston, MA02115, USA.
Elena C HemlerDepartment of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Building 1, 11th Floor, Boston, MA02115, USA.
Wafaie W FawziDepartment of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Building 1, 11th Floor, Boston, MA02115, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo examine the prevalence of and factors associated with different forms of household-level double burden of malnutrition (DBM) in Ethiopia.

designWe defined DBM using anthropometric measures for adult overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2), child stunting (height-for-age Z-score <-2 sd) and overweight (weight-for-height Z-score ≥2 sd). We considered sixteen biological, environmental, behavioural and socio-demographic factors. Their association with DBM forms was assessed using generalised linear models.

settingWe used data from two cross-sectional studies in an urban (Addis Ababa, January-February 2018), and rural setting (Kersa District, June-September 2019).

participantsFive hundred ninety-two urban and 862 rural households with an adult man, adult woman and child <5 years.

resultsIn Addis Ababa, overweight adult and stunted child was the most prevalent DBM form (9 % (95 % CI 7, 12)). Duration of residence in Addis Ababa (adjusted OR (aOR) 1·03 (95 % CI 1·00, 1·06)), Orthodox Christianity (aOR 1·97 (95 % CI 1·01, 3·85)) and household size (aOR 1·24 (95 % CI 1·01, 1·54)) were associated factors. In Kersa, concurrent child overweight and stunting was the most prevalent DBM form (11 % (95 % CI 9, 14)). Housing quality (aOR 0·33 (95 % CI 0·20, 0·53)), household wealth (aOR 1·92 (95 % CI 1·18, 3·11) and sanitation (aOR 2·08 (95 % CI 1·07, 4·04)) were associated factors. After adjusting for multiple comparisons, only housing quality remained a significant factor.

conclusionsDBM prevalence was low among urban and rural Ethiopian households. Environmental, socio-economic and demographic factors emerged as potential associated factors. However, we observed no common associated factors among urban and rural households.

Indexed as

MalnutritionAdultChildCross-Sectional StudiesEthiopiaFemaleGrowth DisordersHumansMalePrevalenceRural PopulationSocioeconomic FactorsChildren under 5 years of ageDouble burden of malnutritionEthiopiaOverweightStuntingSub-Saharan AfricaWomen of reproductive age

Identifiers

PMID34446127
PMCPMC11148622

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.