ArticleBMC public health2021
Socio-economic differences in the uptake of HIV testing and associated factors in South Africa.
Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sociodemographic inequalities in the uptake of prenatal HIV testing in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Modelling Methods of Economic Evaluations of HIV Testing Strategies in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review.Applied health economics and health policy · 2023Pooled it
- Healthcare inequity in mpox testing intention: A socioeconomic status-stratified path analysis of medical discrimination and distrust among men who have sex with men in China.Global health research and policy · 2026Article
- Cost-Effectiveness of Reducing HIV Infections Through Screening and Treating Alcohol Use and Depression in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: A Mathematical Modeling Study.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Factors Associated with Lifetime HIV Testing Among Thai General Population Adults: Finding from the 6th Thai National Health Examination Survey.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Socio-ecological model: Understanding facilitators and barriers to HIV testing and counseling uptake in sub-Saharan Africa - A systematic review.Dialogues in health · 2026Article
- Wealth-related inequalities in HIV testing and counselling during antenatal care among reproductive age women in Ethiopia: a decomposition analysis.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Prevalence of non-testing for HIV and associated factors among young women in Sub-Saharan africa: a multilevel analysis of DHS 2020-2024.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Article
- Can Traditional Health Practitioners Deliver HIV Counseling and Testing Services? A Pilot Study in Rural South Africa.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Factors Associated with HIV Testing Among Men Aged 15-54 Years in Kenya-Evidence from the 2022 Demographic and Health Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- The Application of Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict HIV Testing Using Evidence from the 2002-2017 South African Adult Population-Based Surveys: An HIV Testing Predictive Model.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- The Application of Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict HIV Testing in Repeated Adult Population-Based Surveys in South Africa: Protocol for a Multiwave Cross-Sectional Analysis.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Factors Influencing the Acceptability and Uptake of HIV Self-Testing Among Priority Populations in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review.Public health reviews · 2025Review
- Clustering the Economic Status via Partitioning around Medoid and Its Association with Common Non-communicable Diseases.Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- Cost-effectiveness of screening and treating alcohol use and depression among people living with HIV in Zimbabwe: a mathematical modeling study.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Trends and factors associated with recent HIV testing among women in Haiti: a cross-sectional study using data from nationally representative surveys.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- An Open Letter on Advancing HIV prevention: Augmenting an ecosystem-based approach to understand prevention decision-making.Gates open research · 2024Article
- Article
- A multilevel analysis of the determinants of HIV testing among men in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from Demographic and Health Surveys across 10 African countries.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImproved understanding of barriers to HIV testing is important for reaching the first of the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets, which states that 90% of HIV positive individuals ought to know their HIV status. This study examined socio-economic status (SES) differences in HIV testing uptake and associated factors among youth and adults 15 years and older in South Africa.
methodsThis study used data from a national cross-sectional, population-based household survey conducted in 2017 using a multi-stage sampling design. A composite SES score was created using multiple correspondence analyses of household assets; households were classified into wealth quintiles and dichotomised into low SES/poorest (lowest 3 quintiles) and high SES/less-poor (highest 2 quintiles). Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine factors associated with the uptake of HIV testing in low and high SES households.
resultsHIV testing uptake was 73.8 and 76.7% among low and high SES households, respectively, both of which were below the first 90 targets. Among both low and high SES households, increased HIV testing uptake was significantly associated with females than males. The decreased likelihood was significantly associated with residing in rural formal areas than urban areas, those with no education or low levels of educational attainment and alcohol drinkers among low SES households. Whites and Indians/Asians had a decreased likelihood than Black Africans in high SES households.
conclusionsHIV testing interventions should target males, residents in rural formal areas, those with no or low education and those that consume alcohol in low SES households, including Whites and Indians/Asians from high SES households in order to bridge socio-economic disparities in the uptake of HIV testing. This should entail expanding HIV testing beyond traditional centres for voluntary counselling and testing through outreach efforts, including mobile testing and home-based testing.
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