Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34445962›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2021

Characterizing social-ecological context and success factors of antimicrobial resistance interventions across the One Health spectrum: analysis of 42 interventions targeting E. coli.

Anaïs Léger, Irene Lambraki, Tiscar Graells, Melanie Cousins, Patrik J G Henriksson, Stephan Harbarth, Carolee A Carson, Shannon E Majowicz, Max Troell, E Jane Parmley and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. The emergence of highly resistant and hypervirulentEmerging microbes & infections · 2025
    Article
  3. CTX-M-ProducingInfection and drug resistance · 2025
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Anaïs LégerGlobal Studies Institute, University of Geneva, Sciences II, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, Case postale, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland. anais.leger@blv.admin.ch.
Irene LambrakiSchool of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
Tiscar GraellsGlobal Economic Dynamics and the Biosphere, The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Box 50005, 104 05, Stockholm, Sweden.
Melanie CousinsSchool of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
Patrik J G HenrikssonStockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Kräftriket 2B, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden.
Stephan HarbarthInfection Control Program and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.
Carolee A CarsonCentre for Food-Borne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Canada.
Shannon E MajowiczSchool of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
Max TroellStockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Kräftriket 2B, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden.
E Jane ParmleyDepartment of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
Peter S JørgensenGlobal Economic Dynamics and the Biosphere, The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Box 50005, 104 05, Stockholm, Sweden.
Didier WernliGlobal Studies Institute, University of Geneva, Sciences II, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, Case postale, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.

Funding

Canadian Institutes for Health Research #15210Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung 40AR40_180189Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas 2016-00227
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is among the most pressing One Health issues. While interventions and policies with various targets and goals have been implemented, evidence about factors underpinning success and failure of interventions in different sectors is lacking. The objective of this study is to identify characteristics of AMR interventions that increase their capacity to impact AMR. This study focuses on AMR interventions targeting E. coli.

methodsWe used the AMR-Intervene framework to extract descriptions of the social and ecological systems of interventions to determine factors contributing to their success.

resultsWe identified 52 scientific publications referring to 42 unique E. coli AMR interventions. We mainly identified interventions implemented in high-income countries (36/42), at the national level (16/42), targeting primarily one sector of society (37/42) that was mainly the human sector (25/42). Interventions were primarily funded by governments (38/42). Most intervention targeted a low leverage point in the AMR system, (36/42), and aimed to change the epidemiology of AMR (14/42). Among all included publications, 55% (29/52) described at least one success factor or obstacle (29/52) and 19% (10/52) identified at least one success factor and one obstacle. Most reported success factors related to communication between the actors and stakeholders and the role of media, and stressed the importance of collaboration between disciplines and external partners. Described obstacles covered data quality, access to data and statistical analyses, and the validity of the results.

conclusionsOverall, we identified a lack of diversity regarding interventions. In addition, most published E. coli interventions were poorly described with limited evidence of the factors that contributed to the intervention success or failure. Design and reporting guidelines would help to improve reporting quality and provide a valuable tool for improving the science of AMR interventions.

Indexed as

Escherichia coliOne HealthAnti-Bacterial AgentsDrug Resistance, BacterialHumansAnti-Bacterial AgentsAMRE. coliEnterobacteriaceaeImplementation scienceSocial-ecological system

Identifiers

PMID34445962
PMCPMC8390193

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.