ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Targeting Cytokines, Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns, and Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns in Sepsis via Blood Purification.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 140 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune dysregulation and gut microbiota: Connection to health and disease development.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- DAMPs, PAMPs, and Alarmins: From Mechanism to Therapy.MedComm · 2026Review
- Gut-brain axis dysregulation in Parkinson's disease: Mechanisms linking microbiota to neuroinflammation and α-synuclein pathology.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2026Review
- Review
- Bacterial L-forms: Key Mechanisms of Drug Resistance, Disease Recurrence, and Immune Evasion.Indian journal of microbiology · 2026Review
- ASP-COMPLEX: redefining antimicrobial stewardship to improve outcomes in high-risk patients with severe infections.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2026Review
- Incidence and clinicopathological analysis of portal vein and inferior vena cava thrombosis in autopsy cases of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2026Article
- The Effect of Heparin-Grafted Chitosan-Cellulose Composite Microspheres on the Removal of Endotoxins and Circulating Histones in a Septic Rabbit Model: An In Vivo Study.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Prediction of Prostate Adenocarcinoma Recurrence Prognosis and Immune Status Through 6-Acetoxy-Anopterine Resistance-Associated Programmed Cell Death Genes.Cancer management and research · 2026Article
- The Intratumoral Microbiota in Breast Cancer: Roles in Progression, Immunity, and Therapy.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles as emerging platforms for modulating innate immune responses in sepsis-associated acute lung injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Pathological Insights into Neurodegenerative and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Perspectives for the Development of Novel Treatment Approaches.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2026Review
- Severity and 28-day in-hospital mortality of interleukin-6, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, and APACHE II score in patients with sepsis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Risk Factors for Sepsis in Pediatric All During Induction Chemotherapy-Induced Neutropenia: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Transfusion-Associated Immunomodulation and Its Impact in the Critically Ill.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Medicinal Plants for a Healthy Gut Microbiome: Scientific Insights into Modern Herbal Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- TGFBI Inhibits the Pyroptosis of Macrophages to Ameliorate Septic Shock.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- The increasing burden of early-onset pancreatic and biliary tract cancers: a review of risk factors.ESMO gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Review
- Extracorporeal Cytokine Adsorption in Sepsis: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.Biomedicines · 2025Review
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sepsis is characterized by a dysregulated immune response to infections that causes life-threatening organ dysfunction and even death. When infections occur, bacterial cell wall components (endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide), known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns, bind to pattern recognition receptors, such as toll-like receptors, to initiate an inflammatory response for pathogen elimination. However, strong activation of the immune system leads to cellular dysfunction and ultimately organ failure. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which are released by injured host cells, are well-recognized triggers that result in the elevation of inflammatory cytokine levels. A cytokine storm is thus amplified and sustained in this vicious cycle. Interestingly, during sepsis, neutrophils transition from powerful antimicrobial protectors into dangerous mediators of tissue injury and organ dysfunction. Thus, the concept of blood purification has evolved to include inflammatory cells and mediators. In this review, we summarize recent advances in knowledge regarding the role of lipopolysaccharides, cytokines, DAMPs, and neutrophils in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Additionally, we discuss the potential of blood purification, especially the adsorption technology, for removing immune cells and molecular mediators, thereby serving as a therapeutic strategy against sepsis. Finally, we describe the concept of our immune-modulating blood purification system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.