ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Establishment of Three-Dimensional Bioprinted Bladder Cancer-on-a-Chip with a Microfluidic System Using Bacillus Calmette-Guérin.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- The potential antitumor effects of combining intravesical therapy with recombinant bacillus calmette-guérin and an anti-PD-1 inhibitor in bladder cancer.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Personalized Models of Biological Barriers and Their Diseases: Recent Progress with Organs-On-Chips.Advanced biology · 2026Review
- Imaging 3D cell cultures with optical microscopy.Nature methods · 2025Review
- The Application of Microfluidic Chips in Primary Urological Cancer: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives.Smart medicine · 2025Review
- Strategies of Bladder Reconstruction after Partial or Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer.Molecular biotechnology · 2025Review
- Article
- Turning the tide: harnessing vaccines and viruses to fight cancer.Immunotherapy advances · 2025Review
- Development of a Bladder Cancer-on-a-Chip Model to Assess Bladder Cancer Cell Invasiveness.Cancers · 2024Article
- Improving tumor microenvironment assessment in chip systems through next-generation technology integration.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Cell Line-Based Human Bladder Organoids with Bladder-like Self-Organization-A New Standardized Approach in Bladder Cancer Research.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Efficacy of recombinant Bacillus Calmette-Guérin containing dltA inInvestigative and clinical urology · 2023Article
- 3D Tumor Models in Urology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Organ-on-a-chip meets artificial intelligence in drug evaluation.Theranostics · 2023Review
- Recent advances in microfluidic-based cancer immunotherapy-on-a-chip strategies.Biomicrofluidics · 2023Review
- Advances in the bladder cancer research using 3D culture models.Bladder (San Francisco, Calif.) · 2023Review
- 3D bioprinted cancer models: from basic biology to drug development.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2022Review
- The application of 3D bioprinting in urological diseases.Materials today. Bio · 2022Review
- Review
- Immunotherapeutic effects of recombinant Bacillus Calmette-Guérin containingInvestigative and clinical urology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immunotherapy of bladder cancer is known to have favorable effects, although it is difficult to determine which patients will show a good response because of the different tumor microenvironments (TME). Here, we developed a bladder cancer-on-a-chip (BCOC) to mimic the TME using three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting and microfluidic technology. We fabricated a T24 and a 5637-cell line-based BCOC that also incorporated MRC-5, HUVEC, and THP-1 cells. We evaluated the effects of TME and assessed the immunologic reactions in response to different concentrations of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) via live/dead assay and THP-1 monocytic migration, and concentrations of growth factors and cytokines. The results show that cell viability was maintained at 15% filling density in circle-shaped cell constructs at 20 μL/min microfluidic flow rate. A 3D co-culture increased the proliferation of BCOCs. We found that the appropriate time to evaluate the viability of BCOC, concentration of cytokines, and migration of monocytes was 6 h, 24 h, and three days after BGC treatment. Lastly, the immunotherapeutic effects of BCOC increased according to BCG dosage. To predict effects of immunotherapeutic agent in bladder cancer, we constructed a 3D bioprinted BCOC model. The BCOC was validated with BCG, which has been proven to be effective in the immunotherapy of bladder cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.