ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) in Severe SARS-CoV-2 Lung Disease.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- From immunological mechanisms to targeted therapies: a bibliometric analysis in the domain of research concerning neutrophil extracellular traps and pulmonary diseases (2006-2025).Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Viral Infections.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- Neutrophil extracellular traps promote macrophage activation through Toll-like receptor engagement and PKA and NF-kB signaling pathways.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- In-depth serum proteomics atlas of COVID-19 defines a Severity-Resistance Index from a four-protein panel for disease severity and prognosis.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Alveolar epithelial barrier disruption by FKBP5-mediated necroptosis aggravates lung injury.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Review
- Specific features of the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 variants in Vero cell culture.Archives of virology · 2026Article
- Type 2 immune history imprints local training in nerve and airway associated interstitial macrophages (NAMs) for disease tolerance during lethal respiratory viral infection.Research square · 2026Article
- Cell-Free DNA-Based Theranostics for Inflammatory Disorders.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Total plasma N-glycomic patterns of COVID-19 disease.Glycoconjugate journal · 2026Article
- Neutrophil immunometabolism in ACLF and sepsis: mechanisms, dysfunction, and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Respiratory epithelial cells as central mediators of immune crosstalk in SARS-CoV-2 infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immune cell interactions and lung damage in SARS-CoV-2 special attention on monocytes/macrophages, T and B lymphocytes, dendritic cells and Toll-like receptors in SARS-CoV-2.American journal of clinical and experimental immunology · 2026Review
- Circulating NET Biomarkers as Predictors of Inflammatory Storm Escalation and Critical Illness in COVID-19.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Markers in Post Mortem Lung Biopsies from COVID-19 Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Mechanisms and immune crosstalk of neutrophil extracellular traps in response to infection.mBio · 2025Review
- Squaraine-Peptide Conjugates as Efficient Reporters of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps-Mediated Chronic Inflammation.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Single Cell Transcriptomics Genomics Based on Machine Learning Algorithm: Constructing and Validating Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Gene Model in COPD.International journal of general medicine · 2025Article
- Neutrophil extracellular traps as therapeutics target in vascular aging.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Characterization of Neutrophil Functional Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Translational Feline Model for COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), built from mitochondrial or nuclear DNA, proteinases, and histones, entrap and eliminate pathogens in the course of bacterial or viral infections. Neutrophils' activation and the formation of NETs have been described as major risk factors for acute lung injury, multi-organ damage, and mortality in COVID-19 disease. NETs-related lung injury involves both epithelial and endothelial cells, as well as the alveolar-capillary barrier. The markers for NETs formation, such as circulating DNA, neutrophil elastase (NE) activity, or myeloperoxidase-DNA complexes, were found in lung specimens of COVID-19 victims, as well as in sera and tracheal aspirates obtained from COVID-19 patients. DNA threads form large conglomerates causing local obstruction of the small bronchi and together with NE are responsible for overproduction of mucin by epithelial cells. Various components of NETs are involved in the pathogenesis of cytokine storm in SARS-CoV-2 pulmonary disease. NETs are responsible for the interplay between inflammation and thrombosis in the affected lungs. The immunothrombosis, stimulated by NETs, has a poor prognostic significance. Better understanding of the role of NETs in the course of COVID-19 can help to develop novel approaches to the therapeutic interventions in this condition.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.