ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Feasibility of Monitoring Tumor Response by Tracking Nanoparticle-Labelled T Cells Using X-ray Fluorescence Imaging-A Numerical Study.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Biodistribution of nanoplastics in mice: advancing analytical techniques using metal-doped plastics.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Current status and future prospects of molecular imaging in targeting the tumor immune microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Numerical Study towards In Vivo Tracking of Micro-/Nanoplastic Based on X-ray Fluorescence Imaging.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- High-Spatial-Resolution Benchtop X-ray Fluorescence Imaging through Bragg-Diffraction-Based Focusing with Bent Mosaic Graphite Crystals: A Simulation Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Enabling X-ray fluorescence imaging for in vivo immune cell tracking.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Assessing Cellular Uptake of Exogenous Coenzyme QAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- In-situ x-ray fluorescence imaging of the endogenous iodine distribution in murine thyroids.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Multifunctional Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immunotherapy has been a breakthrough in cancer treatment, yet only a subgroup of patients responds to these novel drugs. Parameters such as cytotoxic T-cell infiltration into the tumor have been proposed for the early evaluation and prediction of therapeutic response, demanded for non-invasive, sensitive and longitudinal imaging. We have evaluated the feasibility of X-ray fluorescence imaging (XFI) to track immune cells and thus monitor the immune response. For that, we have performed Monte Carlo simulations using a mouse voxel model. Spherical targets, enriched with gold or palladium fluorescence agents, were positioned within the model and imaged using a monochromatic photon beam of 53 or 85 keV. Based on our simulation results, XFI may detect as few as 730 to 2400 T cells labelled with 195 pg gold each when imaging subcutaneous tumors in mice, with a spatial resolution of 1 mm. However, the detection threshold is influenced by the depth of the tumor as surrounding tissue increases scattering and absorption, especially when utilizing palladium imaging agents with low-energy characteristic fluorescence photons. Further evaluation and conduction of in vivo animal experiments will be required to validate and advance these promising results.
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