Trial reportNutrients2021
Differential Effects of Western and Mediterranean-Type Diets on Gut Microbiota: A Metagenomics and Metabolomics Approach.
Trial report in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary interventions and the gut microbiota: a systematic literature review of 80 controlled clinical trials.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Adherence to the Mediterranean diet can beneficially affect the gut microbiota composition: a systematic review.BMC medical genomics · 2024Pooled it
- Food- vs. supplement-based very-low-energy diets and gut microbiome composition in women with high body mass index: A randomized controlled trial.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Trial
- Evaluating the Effects of Corn Flour Product Consumption on Cardiometabolic Outcomes and the Gut Microbiota in Adults with Elevated Cholesterol: A Randomized Crossover.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Trial
- A Symbiotic Meal Containing Extruded Sorghum and Probiotic (Nutrients · 2024Trial
- Conditioning by a Previous Experience Impairs the Rewarding Value of a Comfort Meal.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Mediterranean diet, gut microbiota, and intestinal barrier integrity: implications for digestive and systemic health.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Review
- The diet supplemented with raw and hydrolyzed Microchloropsis gaditana and Arthrospira platensis blend modulates intestinal microbiota and metabolomic profiles in Sparus aurata.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2026Article
- Population-scale characterization of the oral microbiome and associations with metabolic health.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The association between the planetary health diet index (PHDI) and muscular dystrophies: A mediating role of phenotypic age.Medicine · 2026Article
- Multi-Omic Insights Into Mediterranean Diet-Associated Microbiota.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026Article
- Mechanisms, Modulation, and Mitigation: Dietary-Gut Microbiome Strategies Against Antibiotic Resistance.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Observational
- Mindful eating and Chrono-Mediterranean diet adherence associated with lower gastrointestinal symptom burden in young adults.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- The role of Western diet and gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Evaluating the gut microbiome, dietary patterns, and cognition: a sub-study protocol from the brain health and the gut microbiome study in cognitive decline (bMicrobiome study).Gut microbiome (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- Large-scale classification of metagenomic samples: a comparative analysis of classical machine learning techniques vs a novel brain-inspired hyperdimensional computing approach.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Unraveling the connection between the Mediterranean diet and sleep health: from biological mechanisms to clinical implications.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2025Review
- The Association Between Maternal Diet and the Human Milk Microbiome: A Review of Evidence and Methodological Challenges.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Optimizing Extracellular Products from Vibrio proteolyticus for Their Use as Postbiotics in Aquaculture.Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Our aim was to determine the effect of diet on gut microbiota, digestive function and sensations, using an integrated clinical, metagenomics and metabolomics approach. We conducted a cross-over, randomised study on the effects of a Western-type diet versus a fibre-enriched Mediterranean diet. In 20 healthy men, each diet was administered for 2 weeks preceded by a 2-week washout diet. The following outcomes were recorded: (a) number of anal gas evacuations; (b) digestive sensations; (c) volume of gas evacuated after a probe meal; (d) colonic content by magnetic resonance imaging; (e) gut microbiota taxonomy and metabolic functions by shotgun sequencing of faecal samples; (f) urinary metabolites using untargeted metabolomics. As compared to a Western diet, the Mediterranean diet was associated with (i) higher number of anal gas evacuations, (ii) sensation of flatulence and borborygmi, (iii) larger volume of gas after the meal and (iv) larger colonic content. Despite the relatively little difference in microbiota composition between both diets, microbial metabolism differed substantially, as shown by urinary metabolite profiles and the abundance of microbial metabolic pathways. The effects of the diet were less evident in individuals with robust microbiotas (higher beta-diversity). To conclude, healthy individuals tolerate dietary changes with minor microbial modifications at the composition level but with remarkable variation in microbial metabolism.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.