SynthesisNutrients2021
Sugar- and Artificially Sweetened Beverages Consumption Linked to Type 2 Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases, and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.
Synthesis in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
- The oral und systemic health risks of sugar consumption: an umbrella review.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Pooled it
- Comprehensive review of carbonated soft drink consumption rates and their public health importance.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Health Effects of Sugar-Sweetened and Artificially Sweetened Beverages: Umbrella Review and Evidence-Based Consensus Statement of the Korean Diabetes Association and the Korean Nutrition Society.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2026Pooled it
- Sweetened beverages and cardiovascular outcomes: an umbrella review of mortality and health outcomes.Nutrition journal · 2025Pooled it
- Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses on Consumption of Different Food Groups and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Non-Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Risk of Chronic Diseases: An Umbrella Review of Meta-analyses of Prospective Cohort Studies.Nutrition reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Association between low-calorie sweetener consumption during pregnancy and child health: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Maternal & child nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Artificially sweetened beverages do not influence metabolic risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Artificially sweetened beverage consumption and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: an updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.Nutrition journal · 2024Pooled it
- Dietary Recommendations for Ethiopians on the Basis of Priority Diet-Related Diseases and Causes of Death in Ethiopia: An Umbrella Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Pooled it
- Dietary sugar consumption and health: umbrella review.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2023Pooled it
- A digital behavioral intervention to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage consumption: a randomized, controlled trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Trial
- Kids SIPsmartER reduces sugar-sweetened beverages among Appalachian middle-school students and their caregivers: a cluster randomized controlled trial.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2024Trial
- Comparison of Mineral and Trace Element Contents in Commercial Zero-Labeled and Regular Non-Alcoholic Beverages.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Dietary Quality Along a Plant-Based Continuum: The Role of Added Salt, Oil, and Sugar in Chronic Disease Risk.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Ten-year trends in sugar-sweetened beverages consumption among Koreans, 2014-2023.Nutrition research and practice · 2026Article
- Metabolomic Profiles Associated With Sugary Beverage Intakes in Youth.Pediatric obesity · 2026Article
- Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality: insights from nationwide prospective cohort studies and Global Burden of Disease study 2021.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Article
- A nutrient-wide analysis of the associations of dietary nutrients with all-cause and disease-specific mortality.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Consumption among Koreans: Differences across Age Groups and Beverage Types.Preventive nutrition and food science · 2026Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although studies have examined the association between habitual consumption of sugar- (SSBs) and artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) and health outcomes, the results are inconclusive. Here, we conducted a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies in order to summarize the relationship between SSBs and ASBs consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and all-cause mortality. All relevant articles were systematically searched in PubMed, Embase, and Ovid databases until 20 June 2020. Thirty-four studies met the inclusion criteria and were eligible for analysis. Summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated using random effects or fixed-effects model for highest versus lowest intake categories, as well as for linear and non-linear relationships. With each additional SSB and ASB serving per day, the risk increased by 27% (RR: 1.27, 95%CI: 1.15-1.41,
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.