ReviewNutrients2021
Plasma Free Fatty Acid Concentration as a Modifiable Risk Factor for Metabolic Disease.
Review in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 147 citations in OpenAlex.
- Alterations in the Plasma Protein Expression Pattern in Congenital Analbuminemia-A Systematic Review.Biomolecules · 2023Pooled it
- Effects ofNutrients · 2022Trial
- Lipid Accumulation Promotes Tumorigenic Behaviour of Colorectal Cancer Cells.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Free Fatty Acids Carried by Lipoproteins: Revisiting the Overlooked Cargo.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2026Review
- Serum free fatty acids and progression of coronary artery calcification: sex specific findings from a large U.S. cohort study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Predicting time to glycemic stability in hospitalized type 2 diabetes patients using insulin resistance indices: a nomogram development and validation study.Endocrine connections · 2026Article
- The HepG2 Cell Line as a Model for Studying Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The carrying capacity for free fatty acids in plasma is exceedingly high in mammals, and this may be a liability for human metabolic health.The Journal of physiology · 2026Article
- Effects ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- DMH1 improves palmitic acid-Induced insulin resistance in cardiomyocytes via PP2A inhibition and AKT/AMPK signaling activation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Association between coffee consumption habits and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in community-dwelling populations: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2018.Public health nutrition · 2026Article
- Plasma GLP-1 (Glucagon-like Peptide-1) Depletion Is Correlated with Dysregulation of Adipocytokine in Type 2 Diabetic Patients With or Without Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD): A Cross-Sectional Study Related to Gender-Sex Disparities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Glycerol and Glycerol-3-Phosphate: Multifaceted Metabolites in Metabolism, Cancer, and Other Diseases.Endocrine reviews · 2026Review
- Article
- Association between free fatty acids and vascular calcification in CKD patients.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Osmolarity trajectories and outcomes in patients with acute pancreatitis in the intensive care unit: group-based trajectory modeling.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2025Article
- Effects of Sancai Lianmei Granules in type 2 diabetes patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: a randomized prospective open-label controlled trial.Nutrition & metabolism · 2025Article
- The Effect of Short-Term and High-Intensity Functional Circuit Training on Plasma Lipidome Profiles of People Living with and Without HIV.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Ultrastructural characterization of white adipocytes in a mouse model with enhanced sequestration of fatty acids in adipose tissue.Adipocyte · 2025Article
- Association of Free Fatty Acids With Long-Term Adverse Outcomes in Patients With Premature Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentration is elevated in obesity, insulin resistance (IR), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and related comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). Furthermore, experimentally manipulating plasma FFA in the laboratory setting modulates metabolic markers of these disease processes. In this article, evidence is presented indicating that plasma FFA is a disease risk factor. Elevations of plasma FFA can promote ectopic lipid deposition, IR, as well as vascular and cardiac dysfunction. Typically, elevated plasma FFA results from accelerated adipose tissue lipolysis, caused by a high adipose tissue mass, adrenal hormones, or other physiological stressors. Reducing an individual's postabsorptive and postprandial plasma FFA concentration is expected to improve health. Lifestyle change could provide a significant opportunity for plasma FFA reduction. Various factors can impact plasma FFA concentration, such as chronic restriction of dietary energy intake and weight loss, as well as exercise, sleep quality and quantity, and cigarette smoking. In this review, consideration is given to multiple factors which lead to plasma FFA elevation and subsequent disruption of metabolic health. From considering a variety of medical conditions and lifestyle factors, it becomes clear that plasma FFA concentration is a modifiable risk factor for metabolic disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.