Observational studyNutrients2021
Dietary Copper/Zinc Ratio and Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Women: The E3N Cohort Study.
Observational study in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The molecular mechanism of cuproptosis and research progress in pancreatic diseases.Annals of medicine · 2026Pooled it
- The Role of Copper Intake in the Development and Management of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Zinc and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review with a Narrative Synthesis of Their Bidirectional Relationship and Clinical Perspectives for Personalized Nutritional Support.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Association of dietary intake and whole blood essential trace elements with frailty in older adults: a cross-sectional study.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Article
- Supplementation of Antioxidants in Chronic Kidney Disease: Clinical Necessity or Wishful Thinking? A Bench to Bedside Translational Research.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Alterations in gut microbiota characteristics along a type 2 diabetes risk gradient linked with family history.Gut microbes reports · 2025Article
- Research progress of copper in diabetes and diabetic kidney disease: a narrative review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Role of Divalent Cations in Infections in Host-Pathogen Interaction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Serum Copper/Zinc Ratio in Overweight and Obese Children: a Cross-Sectional Study.Biological trace element research · 2024Article
- Article
- The Link between Trace Metal Elements and Glucose Metabolism: Evidence from Zinc, Copper, Iron, and Manganese-Mediated Metabolic Regulation.Metabolites · 2023Review
- Potential Role of Copper in Diabetes and Diabetic Kidney Disease.Metabolites · 2022Review
- Role of Zinc in Diabetic Kidney Disease.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Concentration of Selected Serum Trace Elements in Male Patients With Diabetic Erectile Dysfunction: A Case-Control Study.American journal of men's healthArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The serum copper (Cu) to zinc (Zn) ratio could be an important determinant of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, but prospective epidemiological data are scarce. We aimed to investigate the association between T2D incidence and the dietary Cu/Zn ratio. A total of 70,991 women from the E3N cohort study were followed for 20 years. The intakes of copper and zinc were estimated at baseline using a validated food frequency questionnaire. We identified and validated 3292 incident T2D cases. Spline analysis showed that a Cu/Zn ratio < 0.55 was associated with a lower risk of T2D. Subgroup analyses comparing women in the highest versus the lowest quintile of Cu/Zn ratio showed the same pattern of association for obese women and those with zinc intake ≥8 mg/day. However, for women with zinc intake <8 mg/day, higher Cu/Zn ratio appeared to be associated with higher T2D risk. Our findings suggest that a lower dietary Cu/Zn ratio is associated with a lower T2D risk, especially among obese women and women with zinc intake >8 mg/day. Further studies are warranted to validate our results.
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