Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34444655›Full record

ArticleNutrients2021

Development of a Scale to Measure Infant Eating Behaviour Worldwide.

Charlotte M Wright, Jessica Megan Gurney, Antonina N Mutoro, Claudia Shum, Amara Khan, Beatrice Milligan, Widya Indriani, Loukia Georgiou, Stephanie Chambers, Rachel Bryant-Waugh and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract readMulticenter StudyValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 34% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Observational
  2. Behavioural and genetic correlates of malnutrition.The British journal of nutrition · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Charlotte M WrightChild Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6256-6315
Jessica Megan GurneyHuman Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK.
Antonina N MutoroHuman Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1849-4961
Claudia ShumHuman Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK.
Amara KhanHuman Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK.
Beatrice MilliganHuman Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK.
Widya IndrianiHuman Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK.
Loukia GeorgiouHuman Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK.
Stephanie ChambersSchool of Social and Political Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8RS, UK.
Rachel Bryant-WaughMaudsley Centre for Child and Adolescent Eating Disorders, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK.
Ada L GarciaHuman Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3526-2380
University of Glasgow · GBAfrican Population and Health Research Center · KESouth London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust · GB

Funding

Chief Scientist Office SPHSU14Chief Scientist Office SPHSU16Medical Research Council MC_UU_00022/1Medical Research Council MC_UU_12017/14Scottish Funding Council None
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In order to create a short, internationally valid scale to assess eating behaviour (EB) in young children at risk of undernutrition, we refined 15 phrases describing avidity or food refusal (avoidance). In study one, 149 parents matched phrases in English, Urdu, Cantonese, Indonesian or Greek to videos showing avidity and avoidance; 82-100% showed perfect agreement for the avidity phrases and 73-91% for the avoidant phrases. In study two, 575 parents in the UK, Cyprus and Indonesia (healthy) and in Kenya, Pakistan and Guatemala (healthy and undernourished) rated their 6-24 months old children using the same phrases. Internal consistency (Cronbach's α) was high for avidity (0.88) and moderate for avoidance (0.72). The best-performing 11 items were entered into a principal components analysis and the two scales loaded separately onto 2 factors with Eigen values > 1. The avidity score was positively associated with weight (r = 0.15

Indexed as

Feeding BehaviorInfant BehaviorSurveys and QuestionnairesAge FactorsAvoidance LearningBody Mass IndexChild, PreschoolComprehensionFood FussinessFood PreferencesHumansInfantInfant Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaInfant Nutrition DisordersMalnutritionNutritional Statusappetitecomplementary feedingeating behaviourfeeding problemsglobal nutrition/healthundernutrition

Identifiers

PMID34444655
PMCPMC8398650
OpenAlexW3186665711

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.