ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Colorectal Cancer Risk in Patients with Hemorrhoids: A 10-Year Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rectal prolapse as an initial presentation of colorectal cancer: a systematic review.BMC cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Causal associations between lifestyle factors and hemorrhoidal disease: Insights from Mendelian randomization analysis.Medicine · 2026Article
- Epidemiology of colorectal cancer: A review with special emphasis on India.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Identification and Validation of Key Genes Involved in the Coupling of Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane in Hemorrhoidal Disease.International journal of general medicine · 2025Article
- Hemorrhoids as a risk factor for colorectal adenomas on colonoscopy.Endoscopy international open · 2023Article
- The Association between Colorectal Cancer and Colonoscopic Conditions in Saudi Patients: A 10-Year Cross-Sectional-Retrospective Study.Ethiopian journal of health sciences · 2022Article
- Review
- Risk Factors of Dental Caries in the Thai Population: The Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community DentistryArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common disease and one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. This retrospective cohort study evaluated the risk of developing CRC in people with hemorrhoids. Using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, we established three sets of retrospective study cohorts with and without hemorrhoids. The first set of cohorts were matched by sex and age, the second set of cohorts were matched by propensity score without including colonoscopies, and the third set of cohorts were matched by propensity score with colonoscopies, colorectal adenomas, and appendectomies included. In the second set of cohorts, 36,864 persons with hemorrhoids that were diagnosed from 2000 to 2010 and a comparison cohort, with the same size and matched by propensity score, were established and followed up to the end of 2011 to assess the incidence and Cox proportional regression-measured hazard ratio (HR) of CRC. The overall incidence rate of CRC was 2.39 times greater in the hemorrhoid cohort than it was in the comparison cohort (1.29 vs. 0.54 per 1000 person-years), with a multivariable model measured adjusted HR of 2.18 (95% CI = 1.78-2.67) after controlling for sex, age, and comorbidity. Further analysis on the CRC incidence rates among colorectal sites revealed higher incidence rates at the rectum and sigmoid than at other sites, with adjusted HRs 2.20 (95% CI = 1.48-3.28) and 1.79 (95% CI = 1.06-3.02), respectively. The overall incidence rates of both cohorts were similar in the first and second sets of cohorts, whereas the rate was lower in the third set of hemorrhoid cohorts than in the respective comparison cohorts, probably because of overmatching. Our findings suggest that patients with hemorrhoids were at an elevated risk of developing CRC. Colonoscopy may be strongly suggested for identifying CRC among those with hemorrhoids, especially if they have received a positive fecal occult blood test result.
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