Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34443774›Full record

ArticleNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Titanium Dioxide Induces Apoptosis under UVA Irradiation via the Generation of Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization-Dependent Reactive Oxygen Species in HaCat Cells.

In Young Kim, Tae Geol Lee, Vytas Reipa, Min Beom Heo

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 41% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Fungal Reactive Oxygen Species Secreted byJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Optimizing Sunscreen Safety: The Impact of TiONanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

In Young KimNano-Safety Team, Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon 34113, Korea.
Tae Geol LeeNano-Safety Team, Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon 34113, Korea.
Vytas ReipaMaterials Measurement Laboratory, Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6984-4146
Min Beom HeoNano-Safety Team, Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon 34113, Korea.
Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science · KRNational Institute of Standards and Technology · US

Funding

Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science KRISS -R2021 -0GP2021-0004Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy 20009773National Research Foundation of Korea 2012016M3A7B6908929
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO

Indexed as

lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP)phototoxicityreactive oxygen species (ROS)titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs)ultraviolet A (UVA)

Identifiers

PMID34443774
PMCPMC8400875
OpenAlexW3136660997

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.