ArticleMicroorganisms2021
Characterizing the Shearing Stresses within the CDC Biofilm Reactor Using Computational Fluid Dynamics.
Article in Microorganisms, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prolonged Stagnation Reduces Treated Wastewater Biostability by Altering Microbial Community: Insights From Metaproteomics.Environmental microbiology · 2026Article
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- Assessing non-porous antimicrobial surfaces against bacteria, phages and fungi: a comparative study under varied normative conditions using glass as a benchmark for microbial persistence.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- A dual-loop chemostat to investigate multi-species biofilms on implant surfaces under adjustable flow conditions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Translating microbial knowledge into clinical biofilm therapies.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2026Review
- Determining the relationship between sleep quality and reproductive health issues in fertile and infertile men and women: A cross-sectional study.Sleep medicine: X · 2025Article
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- Absence of biofilm adhesin proteins changes surface attachment and cell strategy forJournal of bacteriology · 2025Article
- DynamicAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The Infected Polypropylene Mesh: When Does Biofilm Form and Which Antiseptic Solution Most Effectively Removes It?The Journal of arthroplasty · 2024Article
- Understanding the limitations of substrate degradation in bioelectrochemical systems.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Maximally efficient exchange in thin flow cells using density gradients.Journal of applied crystallography · 2024Article
- A Selection of Platforms to Evaluate Surface Adhesion and Biofilm Formation in Controlled Hydrodynamic Conditions.Microorganisms · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Shearing stresses are known to be a critical factor impacting the growth and physiology of biofilms, but the underlying fluid dynamics within biofilm reactors are rarely well characterized and not always considered when a researcher decides which biofilm reactor to use. The CDC biofilm reactor is referenced in validated Standard Test Methods and US EPA guidance documents. The driving fluid dynamics within the CDC biofilm reactor were investigated using computational fluid dynamics. An unsteady, three-dimensional model of the CDC reactor was simulated at a rotation rate of 125 RPM. The reactor showed turbulent structures, with shear stresses averaging near 0.365 ± 0.074 Pa across all 24 coupons. The pressure variation on the coupon surfaces was found to be larger, with a continuous 2-3 Pa amplitude, coinciding with the baffle passage. Computational fluid dynamics was shown to be a powerful tool for defining key fluid dynamic parameters at a high fidelity within the CDC biofilm reactor. The consistency of the shear stresses and pressures and the unsteadiness of the flow within the CDC reactor may help explain its reproducibility in laboratory studies. The computational model will enable researchers to make an informed decision whether the fluid dynamics present in the CDC biofilm reactor are appropriate for their research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.