Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34441955›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2021

GDF-15 Predicts In-Hospital Mortality of Critically Ill Patients with Acute Kidney Injury Requiring Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy: A Multicenter Prospective Study.

Jeong-Hoon Lim, Yena Jeon, Ji-Sun Ahn, Sejoong Kim, Dong Ki Kim, Jung Pyo Lee, Dong-Ryeol Ryu, Eun Young Seong, Shin Young Ahn, Seon Ha Baek and 6 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Development and Validation of a Multivariable Machine Learning Model for Mortality Prediction among Intensive Care Unit Patients.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Is GDF15 a Feasible Biomarker in Sepsis?Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  4. Review
  5. ST2 + T-Regulatory Cells in Renal Inflammation and Fibrosis after Ischemic Kidney Injury.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.

Jeong-Hoon LimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea.ORCID 0000-0001-5517-9886
Yena JeonDepartment of Statistics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
Ji-Sun AhnDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea.
Sejoong KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si 13620, Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-7238-9962
Dong Ki KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 08826, Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-5195-7852
Jung Pyo LeeDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 08826, Korea.
Dong-Ryeol RyuDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea.
Eun Young SeongDivision of Nephrology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan 50612, Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-6006-0051
Shin Young AhnDepartment of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-6844-0614
Seon Ha BaekDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong 18450, Korea.
Hee-Yeon JungDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea.
Ji-Young ChoiDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-9774-3665
Sun-Hee ParkDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea.
Chan-Duck KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-4648-0324
Yong-Lim KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-1344-3455
Jang-Hee ChoDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-7031-5214
Kyungpook National University Hospital · KRSeoul National University · KREwha Womans University · KRHallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital · KRKorea University · KRKyungpook National University · KRPusan National University · KRSeoul National University Bundang Hospital · KR

Funding

Korea Health Industry Development Institute HI15C0001Korea Health Industry Development Institute HI17C1827National Research Foundation of Korea 2021R1I1A3047973National Research Foundation of Korea 2021R1I1A3059702
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is a stress-responsive cytokine. This study evaluated the association between GDF-15 and in-hospital mortality among patients with severe acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Among the multicenter prospective CRRT cohort between 2017 and 2019, 66 patients whose blood sample was available were analyzed. Patients were divided into three groups according to the GDF-15 concentrations. The median GDF-15 level was 7865.5 pg/mL (496.9 pg/mL in the healthy control patients). Baseline characteristics were not different among tertile groups except the severity scores and serum lactate level, which were higher in the third tertile. After adjusting for confounding factors, the patients with higher GDF-15 had significantly increased risk of mortality (second tertile: adjusted hazards ratio [aHR], 3.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-12.76;

Indexed as

acute kidney injurycontinuous renal replacement therapygrowth differentiation factor-15in-hospital mortality

Identifiers

PMID34441955
PMCPMC8397174
OpenAlexW3193809000

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.