ArticleDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Precise Epigenetic Analysis Using Targeted Bisulfite Genomic Sequencing Distinguishes FSHD1, FSHD2, and Healthy Subjects.
Article in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Complete genetic and epigenetic architecture of D4Z4 macrosatellites in FSHD, BAMS, and reference cohorts with D4Z4End2End.Genome research · 2026Article
- Genome-wide analysis of FSHD cell lines using Nanopore sequencing reveals allele-specific differences at DUX4 target genes and complex repeats.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Diversity challenges and reconciles genetics in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy.Journal of human genetics · 2025Review
- All-in-one vectors for epigenetic CRISPR inhibition ofMolecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2025Article
- DUX4 at 25: how it emerged from "junk DNA" to become the cause of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy.Skeletal muscle · 2025Review
- Posttranscriptional RNA stabilization of telomeric RNAs FRG2, DBE-T, D4Z4 at human 4q35 in response to genotoxic stress and D4Z4 macrosatellite repeat length.Clinical epigenetics · 2025Article
- Facioscapulohumeral Dystrophy: Molecular Basis and Therapeutic Opportunities.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2025Review
- The Unexplored Role of Connexin Hemichannels in Promoting Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Integrating D4Z4 methylation analysis into clinical practice: improvement of FSHD molecular diagnosis through distinct thresholds for 4qA/4qA and 4qA/4qB patients.Clinical epigenetics · 2024Article
- SNF472: a novel therapeutic agent for vascular calcification and calciphylaxis.Journal of nephrology · 2024Review
- Deciphering D4Z4 CpG methylation gradients in fascioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy using nanopore sequencing.Genome research · 2023Article
- Deciphering D4Z4 CpG methylation gradients in fascioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy using nanopore sequencing.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Whole exome sequencing highlights rare variants inFrontiers in genetics · 2023Article
- Article
- Update on the Molecular Aspects and Methods Underlying the Complex Architecture of FSHD.Cells · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The true prevalence of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is unknown due to difficulties with accurate clinical evaluation and the complexities of current genetic diagnostics. Interestingly, all forms of FSHD are linked to epigenetic changes in the chromosome 4q35 D4Z4 macrosatellite, suggesting that epigenetic analysis could provide an avenue for sequence-based FSHD diagnostics. However, studies assessing DNA methylation at the FSHD locus have produced conflicting results; thus, the utility of this technique as an FSHD diagnostic remains controversial. Here, we critically compared two protocols for epigenetic analysis of the FSHD region using bisulfite genomic sequencing: Jones et al., that contends to be individually diagnostic for FSHD1 and FSHD2, and Gaillard et al., that can identify some changes in DNA methylation levels between groups of clinically affected FSHD and healthy subjects, but is not individually diagnostic for any form of FSHD. We performed both sets of assays on the same genetically confirmed samples and showed that this discrepancy was due strictly to differences in amplicon specificity. We propose that the epigenetic status of the FSHD-associated D4Z4 arrays, when accurately assessed, is a diagnostic for genetic FSHD and can readily distinguish between healthy, FSHD1 and FSHD2. Thus, epigenetic diagnosis of FSHD, which can be performed on saliva DNA, will greatly increase accessibility to FSHD diagnostics for populations around the world.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.