ReviewDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Left Ventricular Summit-Concept, Anatomical Structure and Clinical Significance.
Review in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Planned anatomy-guided dual-sided ("Sandwich") ablation improves recurrence-free survival in idiopathic premature ventricular contractions: a propensity-matched cohort study.Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 2026Article
- Marked Long-Term PVC Reduction During PCI for LCx CTO From the LV Summit Origin.JACC. Case reports · 2026Article
- Reviewing Strategies and Our Approach to Mapping and Ablation of Left Ventricular Summit Arrhythmias.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Right ventricular outflow tract morphology and its clinical significance for invasive procedures.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Idiopathic Ventricular Arrhythmias Originating from the Left Ventricular Summit: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Reappraisal of the clinical and anatomic characteristics of idiopathic outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias with an R wave pattern break in precordial lead: A multi-center study.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2025Article
- Targeting Ventricular Arrhythmias in Non-Ischemic Patients: Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Bipolar radiofrequency ablation of refractory ventricular arrhythmias: results from a multicentre network.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2024Article
- Pulsed field ablation as a feasible option for the treatment of epicardial left ventricular summit premature complex foci near the coronary arteries: a case report.European heart journal. Case reports · 2024Article
- Gross anatomic relationship between the human left atrial appendage and the left ventricular summit region: implications for catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias originating from the left ventricular summit.Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 2023Article
- A Comprehensive Review of Left Ventricular Summit Ventricular Arrhythmias.The journal of Tehran Heart Center · 2022Review
- Article
- Developmental, normal, and abnormal anatomy of the coronary sinus.Indian pacing and electrophysiology journalReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The left ventricular summit (LVS) is a triangular area located at the most superior portion of the left epicardial ventricular region, surrounded by the two branches of the left coronary artery: the left anterior interventricular artery and the left circumflex artery. The triangle is bounded by the apex, septal and mitral margins and base. This review aims to provide a systematic and comprehensive anatomical description and proper terminology in the LVS region that may facilitate exchanging information among anatomists and electrophysiologists, increasing knowledge of this cardiac region. We postulate that the most dominant septal perforator (not the first septal perforator) should characterize the LVS definition. Abundant epicardial adipose tissue overlying the LVS myocardium may affect arrhythmogenic processes and electrophysiological procedures within the LVS region. The LVS is divided into two clinically significant regions: accessible and inaccessible areas. Rich arterial and venous coronary vasculature and a relatively dense network of cardiac autonomic nerve fibers are present within the LVS boundaries. Although the approach to the LVS may be challenging, it can be executed indirectly using the surrounding structures. Delivery of the proper radiofrequency energy to the arrhythmia source, avoiding coronary artery damage at the same time, may be a challenge. Therefore, coronary angiography or cardiac computed tomography imaging is strongly recommended before any procedure within the LVS region. Further research on LVS morphology and physiology should increase the safety and effectiveness of invasive electrophysiological procedures performed within this region of the human heart.
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