Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34441318›Full record

ArticleDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2021

TransMed: Transformers Advance Multi-Modal Medical Image Classification.

Yin Dai, Yifan Gao, Fayu Liu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 113 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
113citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

113 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. An interpretable multi-instance learning method for accurate differentiation of malignant and benign laryngeal lesions in laryngoscopy.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026
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  5. TransSensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
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  19. Development and validation of a transformer-based deep learning model for predicting distant metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer usingClinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Article
  20. Article

53 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Yin DaiCollege of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China.
Yifan GaoCollege of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China.ORCID 0000-0002-9184-0085
Fayu LiuDepartment of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China.

Funding

Education Program in Liaoning Province No. JC2019025Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities N2019002Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province No.2019-ZD-0751Youth Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China 61902058
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Over the past decade, convolutional neural networks (CNN) have shown very competitive performance in medical image analysis tasks, such as disease classification, tumor segmentation, and lesion detection. CNN has great advantages in extracting local features of images. However, due to the locality of convolution operation, it cannot deal with long-range relationships well. Recently, transformers have been applied to computer vision and achieved remarkable success in large-scale datasets. Compared with natural images, multi-modal medical images have explicit and important long-range dependencies, and effective multi-modal fusion strategies can greatly improve the performance of deep models. This prompts us to study transformer-based structures and apply them to multi-modal medical images. Existing transformer-based network architectures require large-scale datasets to achieve better performance. However, medical imaging datasets are relatively small, which makes it difficult to apply pure transformers to medical image analysis. Therefore, we propose TransMed for multi-modal medical image classification. TransMed combines the advantages of CNN and transformer to efficiently extract low-level features of images and establish long-range dependencies between modalities. We evaluated our model on two datasets, parotid gland tumors classification and knee injury classification. Combining our contributions, we achieve an improvement of 10.1% and 1.9% in average accuracy, respectively, outperforming other state-of-the-art CNN-based models. The results of the proposed method are promising and have tremendous potential to be applied to a large number of medical image analysis tasks. To our best knowledge, this is the first work to apply transformers to multi-modal medical image classification.

Indexed as

deep learningmedical image classificationmulti-modalmultiparametric MRItransformer

Identifiers

PMID34441318
PMCPMC8391808

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.