ReviewCells2021
What Guides Peripheral Immune Cells into the Central Nervous System?
Review in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Mathematical modeling in autoimmune diseases: from theory to clinical application.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Evaluation of potential serum biomarkers for individuals at risk of multiple sclerosis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Identification of the velum interpositum as a meningeal-CNS route for myeloid cell trafficking into the brain.Neuron · 2025Article
- Integrated transcriptomics of multiple sclerosis peripheral blood mononuclear cells explored potential biomarkers for the disease.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Article
- Modulation of brain immune microenvironment and cellular dynamics in systemic inflammation.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Tension at the gate: sensing mechanical forces at the blood-brain barrier in health and disease.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Review
- Cell-mediated nanoparticle delivery systems: towards precision nanomedicine.Drug delivery and translational research · 2024Review
- Nano-based approaches for the treatment of neuro-immunological disorders: a special emphasis on multiple sclerosis.Discover nano · 2024Review
- Biomass smoke inhalation promotes neuroinflammatory and metabolomic temporal changes in the hippocampus of female mice.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Interleukin-3 coordinates glial-peripheral immune crosstalk to incite multiple sclerosis.Immunity · 2023Article
- Central and Peripheral Inflammation: A Common Factor Causing Addictive and Neurological Disorders and Aging-Related Pathologies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Neuroinflammatory and Metabolomic Temporal Dynamics Following Wood Smoke Inhalation.Research square · 2023Article
- Oligodendrocyte death and myelin loss in the cuprizone model: an updated overview of the intrinsic and extrinsic causes of cuprizone demyelination.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2022Review
- Morphology of the murine choroid plexus: Attachment regions and spatial relation to the subarachnoid space.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS), an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), initially presents with a relapsing-remitting disease course. During this early stage of the disease, leukocytes cross the blood-brain barrier to drive the formation of focal demyelinating plaques. Disease-modifying agents that modulate or suppress the peripheral immune system provide a therapeutic benefit during relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). The majority of individuals with RRMS ultimately enter a secondary progressive disease stage with a progressive accumulation of neurologic deficits. The cellular and molecular basis for this transition is unclear and the role of inflammation during the secondary progressive disease stage is a subject of intense and controversial debate. In this review article, we discuss the following main hypothesis: during both disease stages, peripheral immune cells are triggered by CNS-intrinsic stimuli to invade the brain parenchyma. Furthermore, we outline the different neuroanatomical routes by which peripheral immune cells might migrate from the periphery into the CNS.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.