ReviewCells2021
A Fragile Balance: Does Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation Drive Pulmonary Disease Progression?
Review in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metabolic Signatures in Pericardial Fluid and Serum Are Associated with Long-Term Restenosis After Isolated Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Pirfenidone alleviates interstitial lung disease in mice by inhibiting neutrophil extracellular trap formation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2025Article
- Aspergillus fumigatus escape mechanisms from its harsh survival environments.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Biomarkers associated with vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease following influenza A virus infection in swine.Veterinary immunology and immunopathology · 2024Article
- Aspergillus and the Lung.Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024Review
- Eosinophil extracellular traps in asthma: implications for pathogenesis and therapy.Respiratory research · 2023Review
- Neutrophils in COVID-19: recent insights and advances.Virology journal · 2023Review
- The Direct Anti-Virulence but Not Bactericidal Activity of Human Neutrophil Elastase againstInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Airway mucus in pulmonary diseases: Muco-adhesive and muco-penetrating particles to overcome the airway mucus barriers.International journal of pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- The role of extracellular histones in COVID-19.Journal of internal medicine · 2023Review
- Transcriptional Insights of Oxidative Stress and Extracellular Traps in Lung Tissues of Fatal COVID-19 Cases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Neutrophil heterogeneity and aging: implications for COVID-19 and wound healing.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Biomarkers of cell damage, neutrophil and macrophage activation associated with in-hospital mortality in geriatric COVID-19 patients.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2022Article
- Proteomic analysis identifies a signature of disease severity in the plasma of COVID-19 pneumonia patients associated to neutrophil, platelet and complement activation.Clinical proteomics · 2022Article
- CLEC5A is critical in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced NET formation and acute lung injury.JCI insight · 2022Article
- Review
- Review
- Interleukin-6 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor as predictors of the prognosis of influenza-associated pneumonia.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Associated Immune Dysregulation and COVID-Associated Pulmonary Aspergilliosis (CAPA): A Cautionary Tale.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The emerging role of neutrophil extracellular traps in fungal infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Neutrophils act as the first line of defense during infection and inflammation. Once activated, they are able to fulfil numerous tasks to fight inflammatory insults while keeping a balanced immune response. Besides well-known functions, such as phagocytosis and degranulation, neutrophils are also able to release "neutrophil extracellular traps" (NETs). In response to most stimuli, the neutrophils release decondensed chromatin in a NADPH oxidase-dependent manner decorated with histones and granule proteins, such as neutrophil elastase, myeloperoxidase, and cathelicidins. Although primarily supposed to prevent microbial dissemination and fight infections, there is increasing evidence that an overwhelming NET response correlates with poor outcome in many diseases. Lung-related diseases especially, such as bacterial pneumonia, cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, aspergillosis, influenza, and COVID-19, are often affected by massive NET formation. Highly vascularized areas as in the lung are susceptible to immunothrombotic events promoted by chromatin fibers. Keeping this fragile equilibrium seems to be the key for an appropriate immune response. Therapies targeting dysregulated NET formation might positively influence many disease progressions. This review highlights recent findings on the pathophysiological influence of NET formation in different bacterial, viral, and non-infectious lung diseases and summarizes medical treatment strategies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.