Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34440476›Full record

ReviewLife (Basel, Switzerland)2021

The Baseline Structure of the Enteric Nervous System and Its Role in Parkinson's Disease.

Gianfranco Natale, Larisa Ryskalin, Gabriele Morucci, Gloria Lazzeri, Alessandro Frati, Francesco Fornai

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Enteric nervous system as a therapeutic target in gastrointestinal disorders.World journal of gastrointestinal pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Gianfranco NataleDepartment of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7025-6111
Larisa RyskalinDepartment of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3150-1863
Gabriele MorucciDepartment of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-0518-2184
Gloria LazzeriDepartment of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Alessandro FratiNeurosurgery Division, Human Neurosciences Department, Sapienza University of Rome, 00135 Rome, Italy.
Francesco FornaiDepartment of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3883-5084

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is provided with a peculiar nervous network, known as the enteric nervous system (ENS), which is dedicated to the fine control of digestive functions. This forms a complex network, which includes several types of neurons, as well as glial cells. Despite extensive studies, a comprehensive classification of these neurons is still lacking. The complexity of ENS is magnified by a multiple control of the central nervous system, and bidirectional communication between various central nervous areas and the gut occurs. This lends substance to the complexity of the microbiota-gut-brain axis, which represents the network governing homeostasis through nervous, endocrine, immune, and metabolic pathways. The present manuscript is dedicated to identifying various neuronal cytotypes belonging to ENS in baseline conditions. The second part of the study provides evidence on how these very same neurons are altered during Parkinson's disease. In fact, although being defined as a movement disorder, Parkinson's disease features a number of degenerative alterations, which often anticipate motor symptoms. Among these, the GI tract is often involved, and for this reason, it is important to assess its normal and pathological structure. A deeper knowledge of the ENS is expected to improve the understanding of diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Indexed as

dopamineenteric nervous systemgastrointestinal tractmicrobiota–gut–brain axisneurodegenerationParkinson’s diseaseα-synuclein

Identifiers

PMID34440476
PMCPMC8400095

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.