ReviewCancers2021
Role of Inflammatory Mediators, Macrophages, and Neutrophils in Glioma Maintenance and Progression: Mechanistic Understanding and Potential Therapeutic Applications.
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Ratios as Novel Biomarkers in Brain Glioma: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Breaking adaptive oncogenic resistance in glioblastoma via targeting the EGFR-STAT3 axis.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Review
- Longitudinal analysis of systemic inflammatory biomarkers in glioblastoma patients: an exploratory single‑center analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Article
- Platelet-to-Albumin Ratio and Clinical Outcomes in IDH-Wildtype Grade 4 Diffuse Glioma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Diphenyl Diselenide and Temozolomide: Downregulation of Inflammatory, Redox, and Tumor-Associated Pathways in Glioblastoma.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Beyond Glycolysis: Targeting Non-Glycolytic Metabolic Pathways in Brain Tumors for Therapeutic Innovation: A Narrative Review.Health science reports · 2026Article
- MRI semantic features as prognostic indicators and biological mechanism insights in glioblastoma multiforme.Neurosurgical review · 2026Article
- Accumulation of Siglec10European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Pathology-directed drug delivery strategies: How to overcome blood-brain barrier for the treatment of brain diseases.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- ASGR2 and CLEC12A as Prognostically Relevant C-Type Lectin Hubs in Glioblastoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Nomogram Based on Pan-Immune Inflammation Value and Clinicopathological Parameters for Predicting the Recurrence of Endometrial Cancer and Providing Postoperative Prognostic Management.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- Article
- A bioinspired enzyme-responsive hydrogel for spatiotemporal control of macrophage reprogramming in chronic wounds.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone (Roy) modulates IL-6/STAT3/JAK2 mRNA expression and suppresses tumor growth in glioblastoma cell models.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Therapeutic and Pharmacological Flexibility of Cinnamoyl Compounds: Targeting Multiple Signaling Pathways.Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Reshaping the immunosuppressive glioma microenvironment: mechanisms, biomarkers, and emerging immunotherapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Transcriptomic-Driven Drug Repurposing Reveals SP600125 as a Promising Drug Candidate for the Treatment of Glial-Mesenchymal Transition in Glioblastoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Glioblastoma: Mechanisms of Tumor Progression and Therapeutic Strategies.Cells · 2025Review
- Multi-Layered Analysis of TGF-β Signaling and Regulation via DNA Methylation and microRNAs in Astrocytic Tumors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Elevated Antigen-Presenting-Cell Signature Genes Predict Stemness and Metabolic Reprogramming States in Glioblastoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common, highly malignant, and deadliest forms of brain tumors. These intra-cranial solid tumors are comprised of both cancerous and non-cancerous cells, which contribute to tumor development, progression, and resistance to the therapeutic regimen. A variety of soluble inflammatory mediators (e.g., cytokines, chemokines, and chemotactic factors) are secreted by these cells, which help in creating an inflammatory microenvironment and contribute to the various stages of cancer development, maintenance, and progression. The major tumor infiltrating immune cells of the tumor microenvironment include TAMs and TANs, which are either recruited peripherally or present as brain-resident macrophages (microglia) and support stroma for cancer cell expansion and invasion. These cells are highly plastic in nature and can be polarized into different phenotypes depending upon different types of stimuli. During neuroinflammation, glioma cells interact with TAMs and TANs, facilitating tumor cell proliferation, survival, and migration. Targeting inflammatory mediators along with the reprogramming of TAMs and TANs could be of great importance in glioma treatment and may delay disease progression. In addition, an inhibition of the key signaling pathways such as NF-κB, JAK/STAT, MAPK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and TLRs, which are activated during neuroinflammation and have an oncogenic role in glioblastoma (GBM), can exert more pronounced anti-glioma effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.