ReviewCancers2021
Pancreatic Cancer and Immunotherapy: A Clinical Overview.
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed.
- Spatial interactions of immune cells as potential predictors to efficacy of toripalimab plus chemotherapy in locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a phase Ib/II trial.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Trial
- KRAS-driven immune exclusion in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: mechanisms and therapeutic reversal.The oncologist · 2026Review
- Computational design and molecular characterization of a multi-epitope peptide vaccine targeting pancreatic cancer.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Fire in an Icy Desert: Oncolytic Virotherapy for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Tumor cell death by ferroptosis contributes to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in syngeneic murine models of cancer.Cancer & metabolism · 2026Article
- Impact of Different Primary Treatment Strategies on Recurrence-Focused Treatment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- Identification and characterization of a TGF-β-independent SMAD4-NFATc1-STAT3 regulatory axis.Journal of molecular cell biology · 2026Article
- Tumor cell death by ferroptosis contributes to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in syngeneic murine models of cancer.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Targeting Interactions Between Siglec-10 and α3β1 Integrin Enhances Macrophage-Mediated Phagocytosis of Pancreatic Cancer.Cancer research · 2026Article
- Pleiotropic and multicellular roles of lymphotoxin beta receptor in solid tumor immunity and therapeutic targeting.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immunoinformatic insights for design and clinical prospects of pan-RAS cancer vaccine.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- The phenotypic heterogeneity of tumor-derived cells in the bloodstream of pancreatic cancer patients.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Oncolytic viruses: A novel therapeutic approach for pancreatic cancer.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2025Review
- Humanized mouse models ofOncoimmunology · 2025Article
- mRNA-Based Neoantigen Vaccines in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC)-A Promising Avenue in Cancer Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy Promotes the Formation of Mature Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in a Remodeled Pancreatic Tumor Microenvironment.Cancer immunology research · 2025Article
- Synergistic Anti-Tumor Efficacy of Modified FOLFIRINOX and NK Cell Therapy in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.Cancers · 2025Article
- Role of m6A RNA methylation regulators in pancreatic cancer: interactions and potential implications.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Tropisetron Suppresses Chronic Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Cancer by Blocking Interleukin 33 Expression.Cancers · 2025Article
- Comparison of Shared Class I HLA-Bound Noncanonical Neoepitopes between Normal and Neoplastic Tissues of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive disease with high mortality. The vast majority of patients present with unresectable, advanced stage disease, for whom standard of care chemo(radio)therapy may improve survival by several months. Immunotherapy has led to a fundamental shift in the treatment of several advanced cancers. However, its efficacy in PDAC in terms of clinical benefit is limited, possibly owing to the immunosuppressive, inaccessible tumor microenvironment. Still, various immunotherapies have demonstrated the capacity to initiate local and systemic immune responses, suggesting an immune potentiating effect. In this review, we address PDAC's immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and immune evasion methods and discuss a wide range of immunotherapies, including immunomodulators (i.e., immune checkpoint inhibitors, immune stimulatory agonists, cytokines and adjuvants), oncolytic viruses, adoptive cell therapies (i.e., T cells and natural killer cells) and cancer vaccines. We provide a general introduction to their working mechanism as well as evidence of their clinical efficacy and immune potentiating abilities in PDAC. The key to successful implementation of immunotherapy in this disease may rely on exploitation of synergistic effects between treatment combinations. Accordingly, future treatment approaches should aim to incorporate diverse and novel immunotherapeutic strategies coupled with cytotoxic drugs and/or local ablative treatment, targeting a wide array of tumor-induced immune escape mechanisms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.