Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34439105›Full record

ReviewCancers2021

The Pathogenic Role of PI3K/AKT Pathway in Cancer Onset and Drug Resistance: An Updated Review.

Federica Rascio, Federica Spadaccino, Maria Teresa Rocchetti, Giuseppe Castellano, Giovanni Stallone, Giuseppe Stefano Netti, Elena Ranieri

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 293 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
293citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
19.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

293 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 438 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Mutant p53Molecular oncology · 2026
    Article
  7. Recent advances in hormone-based biopharmaceuticals for cancer therapy.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2026
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. "Beyond HER2 overexpression: somatic alterations in HER2 and PI3K genes in HER2-high and HER2-low/TNBC breast cancer.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
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  18. Article
  19. METTL3-driven mJournal of translational medicine · 2026
    Article
  20. Article

233 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Federica RascioNephrology Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
Federica SpadaccinoClinical Pathology Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
Maria Teresa RocchettiCell Biology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2397-6474
Giuseppe CastellanoNephrology Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
Giovanni StalloneNephrology Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
Giuseppe Stefano NettiClinical Pathology Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3495-2707
Elena RanieriClinical Pathology Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4996-3938
University of Foggia · IT

Funding

Italian Ministry of Education and University (MIUR) GR-2016-02362239
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The PI3K/AKT pathway is one of the most frequently over-activated intracellular pathways in several human cancers. This pathway, acting on different downstream target proteins, contributes to the carcinogenesis, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of tumour cells. A multi-level impairment, involving mutation and genetic alteration, aberrant regulation of miRNAs sequences, and abnormal phosphorylation of cascade factors, has been found in multiple cancer types. The deregulation of this pathway counteracts common therapeutic strategies and contributes to multidrug resistance. In this review, we underline the involvement of this pathway in patho-physiological cell survival mechanisms, emphasizing its key role in the development of drug resistance. We also provide an overview of the potential inhibition strategies currently available.

Indexed as

Akt/PI3K pathwaydrug resistancemiRNAmTORregulatory mechanismtumour

Identifiers

PMID34439105
PMCPMC8394096
OpenAlexW3187957129

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.