Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34439045›Full record

ReviewAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Old and New Beta-Lactamase Inhibitors: Molecular Structure, Mechanism of Action, and Clinical Use.

Davide Carcione, Claudia Siracusa, Adela Sulejmani, Valerio Leoni, Jari Intra

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
58citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

58 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Giving Antibiotics a Second Chance: Evolutionary Trade-Offs and Phage-Driven Restoration of Antibiotic Susceptibility.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Cooperative antibiotic response in coupled biofilm and planktonicbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. A Review ofInternational journal of microbiology · 2026
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Davide CarcioneDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Brianza ASST-Brianza, Desio Hospital, Via Mazzini 1, 20833 Desio, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4411-0407
Claudia SiracusaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Brianza ASST-Brianza, Desio Hospital, Via Mazzini 1, 20833 Desio, Italy.
Adela SulejmaniDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Brianza ASST-Brianza, Desio Hospital, Via Mazzini 1, 20833 Desio, Italy.
Valerio LeoniDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Brianza ASST-Brianza, Desio Hospital, Via Mazzini 1, 20833 Desio, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8954-0366
Jari IntraClinical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Milano-Bicocca, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale di Monza ASST-Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, Via Pergolesi 33, 20900 Monza, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-0978-9573

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The β-lactams have a central place in the antibacterial armamentarium, but the increasing resistance to these drugs, especially among Gram-negative bacteria, is becoming one of the major threats to public health worldwide. Treatment options are limited, and only a small number of novel antibiotics are in development. However, one of the responses to this threat is the combination of β-lactam antibiotics with β-lactamase inhibitors, which are successfully used in the clinic for overcoming resistance by inhibiting β-lactamases. The existing inhibitors inactivate most of class A and C serine β-lactamases, but several of class D and B (metallo-β-lactamase) are resistant. The present review provides the status and knowledge concerning current β-lactamase inhibitors and an update on research efforts to identify and develop new and more efficient β-lactamase inhibitors.

Indexed as

antibiotic resistancecarbapenemcephalosporinpenicillinβ-lactamase inhibitorβ-lactams

Identifiers

PMID34439045
PMCPMC8388860

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.