ReviewAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Agriculture and Food Production Systems in Africa: A Systematic Review.
Review in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Biosecurity in Disease Prevention and Control in Livestock Farms in Africa.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2024Pooled it
- An Overview of Antibiotic Resistance and Abiotic Stresses Affecting Antimicrobial Resistance in Agricultural Soils.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Priorities and opportunities for strengthening hygiene and One Health alignment in research, policy and practice.BMC global and public health · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia Coli and Salmonella in poultry production and spread and effect in the one health framework.Poultry science · 2026Review
- Clostridioides difficile as a Zoonotic and Foodborne Pathogen: Reviewing the Global Evidence and South African Data.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices on antibiotic use and resistance among fish farmers in Kwara State, North Central, Nigeria.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Article
- Antimicrobial Use and Manure Management Practices Among Commercial Chicken Farmers in Selected Regions of Tanzania: Gaps and Strategies for Mitigating Antimicrobial Resistance.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Burden of Bacterial Antimicrobial Resistance in Libya, 1970-2024: A Systematic Meta-Analysis with Projections to 2050.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Community engagement strategies for antimicrobial resistance control and interventions.BMJ public health · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial usage in broiler poultry farms in Zambia.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Interconnected worlds: a comprehensive review of fungal defenses, antimicrobial resistance, and their evolutionary dynamics.IMA fungus · 2026Review
- Phenotypic and genomic characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. from livestock in Namibia.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
- Antimicrobial resistance profiling of Salmonella and Escherichia coli isolates from conventional poultry farms in Hossana Town, Central Ethiopia.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial Use and Manure Management Among Pig and Poultry Farmers in Malawi.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial Consumption and Utilisation in Zambia: Results from the Analysis of National Data for the Human and Animal Health Sectors.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Applying a systems thinking approach to evaluating the effectiveness of Africa's foodborne disease surveillance systems.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial Residues and Food Safety: A Public Health Crisis of Concern in Tanzania. A Review.Health science reports · 2025Article
- In Vitro Determination of Cytotoxic Effects of Ten Essential Oils onInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In Africa, there is dearth of information on antimicrobial use (AMU) in agriculture and food production systems and its consequential resistance in pathogens that affect animal, human and environmental health. Data published between 1980 and 2021 on the magnitude of AMU and AMR in agriculture and food productions systems in Africa were reviewed. Data from 13-27 countries in Africa indicate that 3558-4279 tonnes of antimicrobials were used in animals from 2015 to 2019. Tetracyclines and polypeptides contributed the largest proportion of antimicrobials used. Cattle and poultry production account for the largest consumption of antimicrobials in Africa. Although limited studies have reported AMR in crops, fish and beekeeping, AMR from a variety of farm animals has been substantially documented in Africa. Some countries in Africa have developed policies/plans to address AMU and AMR in agriculture and food production systems; however, their enforcement is challenged by weak regulations. In conclusion, although there is limited information on the quantities of antimicrobials used in agriculture and food production system, the levels of AMR are high. There is a need to strengthen regulatory authorities with a capacity to monitor AMU in agriculture and food production systems in Africa.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.