Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34439004›Full record

ArticleAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Paradigm Shift in Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Bacterial Isolates during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Vikas Saini, Charu Jain, Narendra Pal Singh, Ahmad Alsulimani, Chhavi Gupta, Sajad Ahmad Dar, Shafiul Haque, Shukla Das

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Global prevalence of macrolide-resistantFrontiers in microbiology · 2025
    Pooled it
  3. Antibiotic Resistance during COVID-19: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Vikas SainiDepartment of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Delhi 110095, India.
Charu JainDepartment of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Delhi 110095, India.
Narendra Pal SinghDepartment of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Delhi 110095, India.
Ahmad AlsulimaniMedical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
Chhavi GuptaNorthern Railways Central Hospital, New Delhi 110055, India.
Sajad Ahmad DarDepartment of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Delhi 110095, India.
Shafiul HaqueResearch and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-2989-121X
Shukla DasDepartment of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Delhi 110095, India.ORCID 0000-0002-8117-2423

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an emerging public health problem in modern times and the current COVID-19 pandemic has further exaggerated this problem. Due to bacterial co-infection in COVID-19 cases, an irrational consumption of antibiotics has occurred during the pandemic. This study aimed to observe the COVID-19 patients hospitalized from 1 March 2019 to 31 December 2020 and to evaluate the AMR pattern of bacterial agents isolated. This was a single-center study comprising 494 bacterial isolates (blood and urine) that were obtained from patients with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to the ICU and investigated in the Department of Microbiology of a tertiary care hospital in Delhi, India. Out of the total bacterial isolates, 55.46% were gram negative and 44.53% were gram positive pathogens. Of the blood samples processed, the most common isolates were CoNS (Coagulase Negative

Indexed as

antibioticsantimicrobial resistancebacterial co-infectionCOVID-19irrational consumption

Identifiers

PMID34439004
PMCPMC8388877

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.