Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34438298›Full record

ArticleCortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior2021

The autonomic brain: Multi-dimensional generative hierarchical modelling of the autonomic connectome.

James K Ruffle, Harpreet Hyare, Matthew A Howard, Adam D Farmer, A Vania Apkarian, Steven C R Williams, Qasim Aziz, Parashkev Nachev

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Role of beta-blocker therapy on the sympathetic effects in stroke heart syndrome.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Brain tumour genetic network signatures of survival.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2023
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Graph lesion-deficit mapping of fluid intelligence.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2023
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

James K RuffleQueen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Centre for Neuroscience and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. Electronic address: .j.ruffle@ucl.ac.uk.
Harpreet HyareQueen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK; Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Matthew A HowardDepartment of Neuroimaging, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
.
Adam D FarmerCentre for Neuroscience and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire, UK; Institute of Applied Clinical Sciences, University of Keele, Keele, UK.
A Vania ApkarianDepartment of Physiology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
.
Steven C R WilliamsDepartment of Neuroimaging, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
.
Qasim AzizCentre for Neuroscience and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Parashkev NachevQueen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK.

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/J005142/1Medical Research Council MR/N026969/1Wellcome Trust 213038/Z/18/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The autonomic nervous system governs the body's multifaceted internal adaptation to diverse changes in the external environment, a role more complex than is accessible to the methods-and data scales-hitherto used to illuminate its operation. Here we apply generative graphical modelling to large-scale multimodal neuroimaging data encompassing normal and abnormal states to derive a comprehensive hierarchical representation of the autonomic brain. We demonstrate that whereas conventional structural and functional maps identify regions jointly modulated by parasympathetic and sympathetic systems, only graphical analysis discriminates between them, revealing the cardinal roles of the autonomic system to be mediated by high-level distributed interactions. We provide a novel representation of the autonomic system-a multidimensional, generative network-that renders its richness tractable within future models of its function in health and disease.

Indexed as

ConnectomeAutonomic Nervous SystemBrainHumansAutonomic nervous systemBrain functionBrain imagingBrain structureGenerative networksHeart rate variabilityParasympathetic nervous systemSympathetic nervous system

Identifiers

PMID34438298
PMCPMC8500219

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.