Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34437908›Full record

ReviewJournal of hepatology2021

Intestinal virome and therapeutic potential of bacteriophages in liver disease.

Cynthia L Hsu, Yi Duan, Derrick E Fouts, Bernd Schnabl

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of hepatology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed
7.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Disrupted Gut Viral-Bacterial Ecology of Patients With Liver Cirrhosis.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026
    Article
  2. Phage Therapy in Gastrointestinal Diseases: Current Status and Challenges.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2026
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Potential therapies for acute-on-chronic liver failure.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025
    Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Cynthia L HsuDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Yi DuanDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Derrick E FoutsJ. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
Bernd SchnablDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA. Electronic address: beschnabl@health.ucsd.edu.
University of California San Diego · USJ. Craig Venter Institute · USUC San Diego Health System · US

Funding

The Southernearch Center for ALPD and CirrhosisP50AA011999 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI ANNA S. GUKOVSKAYA · 1999 to 2026
$45.8M
San Diego Digestive Diseases Research CenterP30DK120515 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI LARS ECKMANN, Bernd G. Schnabl · 2019 to 2026
$10.8M
Training Grant in GastroenterologyT32DK007202 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI GHOSH, PRADIPTA · 1985 to 2022
$7.7M
The Role of the Intestinal Mycobiome in Alcoholic Liver DiseaseR01AA024726 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Bernd G. Schnabl · 2018 to 2026
$3.9M
Microbiome and intestinal innate immune response in alcoholic liver diseaseR01AA020703 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SCHNABL, BERND G. · 2011 to 2020
$3.6M
Microbiome as therapeutic target in alcoholic hepatitisU01AA026939 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI FOUTS, DERRICK E, SCHNABL, BERND G. · 2018 to 2022
$1.7M
BLRD VA I01 BX004594NIAAA NIH HHS P50 AA011999NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA020703NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA024726NIAAA NIH HHS U01 AA026939NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK120515NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK007202
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Humans harbour a large quantity of microbes in the intestinal tract and have evolved symbiotic relationships with many of them. However, several specific bacterial pathobionts are associated with liver disease pathogenesis. Although bacteriophages (phages) and eukaryotic viruses (collectively known as "the virome") outnumber bacteria and fungi in the intestine, little is known about the intestinal virome in patients with liver disease. As natural predators of bacteria, phages can precisely edit the bacterial microbiota. Hence, there is interest in using them to target bacterial pathobionts in several diseases, including those of the liver. Herein, we will summarise changes in the faecal virome associated with fatty liver diseases and cirrhosis, and describe the therapeutic potential of phages and potential challenges to their clinical application.

Indexed as

BacteriophagesGastrointestinal TractHumansLiver DiseasesViromeAIHcirrhosisgut-liver-axismycobiomeNAFLDNASHphageomePSCvirome

Identifiers

PMID34437908
PMCPMC8929164
OpenAlexW3195207723

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.