ReviewToxins2021
The Therapeutic Strategies for Uremic Toxins Control in Chronic Kidney Disease.
Review in Toxins, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05833451 (Is Reiki Effective In Coping With the Symptoms Experienced by Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis?), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Is Reiki Effective In Coping With the Symptoms Experienced by Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis?: Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- The Role of Diet and Gut Microbiome in CKD Progression and Therapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Efficacy of warm acupuncture combined with conventional therapy in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis.Medicine · 2026Article
- Comprehensive review of leonurine: harnessing its therapeutic potential for chronic diseases.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Multiple metabolic analysis of [Heliyon · 2025Article
- Pharmacological potential of Chinese botanical drugs in managing chronic kidney disease by targeting mitochondrial quality control.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Unraveling the mysteries of the gut-kidney axis: the protective role of traditional Chinese medicine in chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Role of Uremic Toxins, Oxidative Stress, and Renal Fibrosis in Chronic Kidney Disease.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Displacing the Burden: A Review of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxin Clearance Strategies in Chronic Kidney Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Investigating the Efficacy of Kidney-ProtectiveAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Predicting COVID-19 Re-Positive Cases in Malnourished Older Adults: A Clinical Model Development and Validation.Clinical interventions in aging · 2024Article
- Review
- Chronic kidney disease and gut microbiota.Heliyon · 2023Review
- Exploring the clinical efficacy and mechanism of high-position colon dialysis combined with Traditional Chinese Medicine retention enema in real-world patients with stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease (non-dialysis) based on the theory of the Gut-Kidney axis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Meta-analysis of cancer risk among end stage renal disease undergoing maintenance dialysis.Open life sciences · 2023Article
- Panax notoginseng saponins alleviate damage to the intestinal barrier and regulate levels of intestinal microbes in a rat model of chronic kidney disease.Renal failure · 2022Article
- Indoxyl Sulfate Alters the Humoral Response of the ChAdOx1 COVID-19 Vaccine in Hemodialysis Patients.Vaccines · 2022Article
- Investigation on the Effect of Hemodialysis Combined with MDT Multimode Intervention on Renal Fibrosis Degree and Renal Function Improvement in Uremia Patients.Contrast media & molecular imaging · 2022Article
- Targeting SYK of monocyte-derived macrophages regulates liver fibrosis via crosstalking with Erk/Hif1α and remodeling liver inflammatory environment.Cell death & disease · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Uremic toxins (UTs) are mainly produced by protein metabolized by the intestinal microbiota and converted in the liver or by mitochondria or other enzymes. The accumulation of UTs can damage the intestinal barrier integrity and cause vascular damage and progressive kidney damage. Together, these factors lead to metabolic imbalances, which in turn increase oxidative stress and inflammation and then produce uremia that affects many organs and causes diseases including renal fibrosis, vascular disease, and renal osteodystrophy. This article is based on the theory of the intestinal-renal axis, from bench to bedside, and it discusses nonextracorporeal therapies for UTs, which are classified into three categories: medication, diet and supplement therapy, and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and other therapies. The effects of medications such as AST-120 and meclofenamate are described. Diet and supplement therapies include plant-based diet, very low-protein diet, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and nutraceuticals. The research status of Chinese herbal medicine is discussed for CAM and other therapies. This review can provide some treatment recommendations for the reduction of UTs in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.