ReviewToxins2021
Evaluation of Anti-PT Antibody Response after Pertussis Vaccination and Infection: The Importance of Both Quantity and Quality.
Review in Toxins, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Effect of Pertussis Vaccination During Pregnancy on the Binding Epitopes and Avidity of Anti-Pertussis Toxin Immunoglobulin G Antibodies in Infants and Their Mothers.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Trial
- Immunological insights into why pertussis continues to be endemic.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Associations of prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and childhood vaccine-induced immunity.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Article
- Article
- Associations of mid-childhood per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and early childhood metals with mid-childhood antibody titers.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- Flow Cytometric Assessment of Pertactin- and Tetanus Toxoid-Specific B-Cell Kinetics After Tdap Booster Vaccination in Healthy Adults.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Prior immunological memory to pertussis toxin affects the avidity development of anti-PT IgG antibodies after acellular pertussis booster vaccination.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Impact of pertussis vaccination on PT-IgG levels and clinical characteristics in 3-12-month-old infants with acute pertussis.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Antibody Response to Pertussis Vaccine Among Children and Adolescents in Croatia: A Cross-Sectional Prevalence Study.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Avidity of pertussis toxin antibodies following vaccination with genetically versus chemically detoxified pertussis toxin-containing vaccines during pregnancy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Seroepidemiology of pertussis immunity in five provinces of China: A population-based, cross-sectional study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Virus-like particles displaying the mature C-terminal domain of filamentous hemagglutinin are immunogenic and protective againstInfection and immunity · 2024Article
- HIV-related immune activation attenuates polyfunctional IgG and memory B-cell responses to Tdap immunization during pregnancy.EBioMedicine · 2024Observational
- Antibody avidity to pertussis toxin after acellular pertussis vaccination and infection.Emerging microbes & infections · 2023Article
- Repeated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: induction of high-avidity anti-RBD neutralizing antibodies.International journal of clinical oncology · 2023Article
- Multiplexed bead-based assay for the simultaneous quantification of human serum IgG antibodies to tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin, and pertactin.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Pertussis toxin neutralizing antibody response after an acellular booster vaccination in Dutch and Finnish participants of different age groups.Emerging microbes & infections · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pertussis toxin (PT) is considered the main virulence factor causing whooping cough or pertussis. The protein is widely studied and its composition was revealed and sequenced already during the 1980s. The human immune system creates a good response against PT when measured in quantity. However, the serum anti-PT antibodies wane rapidly, and only a small amount of these antibodies are found a few years after vaccination/infection. Therefore, multiple approaches to study the functionality (quality) of these antibodies, e.g., avidity, neutralizing capacity, and epitope specificity, have been investigated. In addition, the long-term B cell memory (Bmem) to PT is crucial for good protection throughout life. In this review, we summarize the findings from functional PT antibody and Bmem studies. These results are discussed in line with the quantity of serum anti-PT antibodies. PT neutralizing antibodies and anti-PT antibodies with proper avidity are crucial for good protection against the disease, and certain epitopes have been identified to have multiple functions in the protection. Although PT-specific Bmem responses are detectable at least five years after vaccination, long-term surveillance is lacking. Variation of the natural boosting of circulating
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