ArticleAmerican journal of public health2021
Best Practices for Conducting Clinical Trials With Indigenous Children in the United States.
Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in American journal of public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efforts to Enhance Recruitment and Engagement of Caregivers from Medically Underserved Communities in a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Vaccine Promotion App.Journal of clinical and translational science · 2025Article
- Historical Perspective of Pediatric Health Disparities in Infectious Diseases: Centuries in the Making.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2022Article
- Health Equity in Pediatric Drug Development: Translating Aspiration into Operation.Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Jennifer L ShawJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
Erin SemmensJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
May OkihiroJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
Johnnye L LewisJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
Matthew HirschfeldJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
Timothy M VanWagonerJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
Lancer StephensJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
David EasaJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
Judith L RossJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
Niki GrahamJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
Sara E WatsonJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
Edgardo G SzyldJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
Denise A DillardJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
Lee A PylesJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
Paul M DardenJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
John C CarlsonJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
Paul G SmithJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
Russell J McCullohJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
Jessica N SnowdenJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
Sarah H AdekyJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
Rosalyn SingletonJennifer L. Shaw and Denise A. Dillard are with the Southcentral Foundation Research Department, Anchorage, AK. Rosalyn Singleton is with the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage. May Okihiro and David Easa are with the University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. Erin Semmens, Paul G. Smith, and Niki Graham are with the University of Montana, Missoula. Johnnye L. Lewis is with the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Matthew Hirschfeld is with the Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage. Timothy M. VanWagoner, Paul M. Darden, Edgardo G. Szyld, and Lancer Stephens are with the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City. Judith L. Ross is with the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE. Sara E. Watson is with the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Lee A. Pyles is with the West Virginia University, Morgantown. John C. Carlson is with Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. Russell J. McCulloh is with the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha. Jessica N. Snowden is with the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock. Sarah H. Adeky is with the Ramah Navajo Community, Pinehill, NM.
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa · US
Funding
Data Coordinating and Operations Center for the ECHO IDeA States Pediatric Clinical Trials NetworkU24OD024957 · OD · UNIV OF ARKANSAS FOR MED SCIS · PI COURTNEY, SHERRY, OUNPRASEUTH, SONGTHIP T. · 2016 to 2024
$80.8MTracking and Evaluation CoreU54GM104938 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HLTH SCIENCES CTR · PI TIMOTHY M VANWAGONER · 2013 to 2026
$68.2MUnderstanding Risk Gradients from Environment on Native American Child Health Trajectories: Toxicants, Immunomodulation, Metabolic syndromes, & Metals ExposureUH3OD023344 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO HEALTH SCIS CTR · PI Johnnye L Lewis, Debra MacKenzie · 2019 to 2026
$21.1MWildfires and Cardiovascular Health: Evaluating Associations and Intervention StrategiesP20GM130418 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA · PI Curtis William Noonan · 2020 to 2026
$17.9MUNM Metals Exposure and Toxicity Assessment on tribal Lands in the Southwest (METALS) Superfund Research ProgramP42ES025589 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO HEALTH SCIS CTR · PI CERRATO, JOSE MANUEL · 2017 to 2025
$16.4MUnderstanding Risk Gradients from Environment on Native American Child Health Trajectories: Toxicants, Immunomodulation, Metabolic syndromes, & Metals ExposureUG3OD023344 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO HEALTH SCIS CTR · PI LEWIS, JOHNNYE L, MACKENZIE, DEBRA · 2016 to 2024
$14.1MMS-ISPCTN (Cycle 3)UG1OD024942 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI MED CTR · PI Joseph Marc Majure · 2016 to 2026
$4.7MThe DE Nemours/duPont Hospital for Children IDeA States Pediatric Clinical Trials Network SiteUG1OD024958 · OD · NEMOURS CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL, DELAWARE · PI Robert E Akins, Thao-Ly Tam Phan-Vo · 2016 to 2026
$4.5MMontana Pediatric Clinical Trials SiteUG1OD024952 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA · PI Emily Hall, Erin O'Brien Semmens · 2016 to 2026
$4.4MThe Nebraska Pediatric Clinic Trials UnitUG1OD024953 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER · PI Bradford A Brabec, Ellen Kerns · 2016 to 2026
$4.4MThe Kentucky Pediatric Clinical Trials Rural/Urban PartnershipUG1OD024954 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE · PI Lori Ann Devlin-Phinney, Sara E Watson · 2016 to 2026
$4.3MArkansas ECHO ISPCTN Site (AREIS)UG1OD024945 · OD · ARKANSAS CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL RES INST · PI Stacie M Jones, Tamara Taylor Perry · 2016 to 2026
$4.3MNICHD NIH HHS UG1 HD090904NIEHS NIH HHS P42 ES025589NIEHS NIH HHS P50 ES026102NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES022649NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM130418NIGMS NIH HHS U54 GM104938NIH HHS U24 OD024957NIH HHS UG1 OD024942NIH HHS UG1 OD024944NIH HHS UG1 OD024945NIH HHS UG1 OD024948NIH HHS UG1 OD024950NIH HHS UG1 OD024952NIH HHS UG1 OD024953NIH HHS UG1 OD024954NIH HHS UG1 OD024958NIH HHS UH3 OD023344
Abstract
We provide guidance for conducting clinical trials with Indigenous children in the United States. We drew on extant literature and our experience to describe 3 best practices for the ethical and effective conduct of clinical trials with Indigenous children. Case examples of pediatric research conducted with American Indian, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian communities are provided to illustrate these practices. Ethical and effective clinical trials with Indigenous children require early and sustained community engagement, building capacity for Indigenous research, and supporting community oversight and ownership of research. Effective engagement requires equity, trust, shared interests, and mutual benefit among partners over time. Capacity building should prioritize developing Indigenous researchers. Supporting community oversight and ownership of research means that investigators should plan for data-sharing agreements, return or destruction of data, and multiple regulatory approvals. Indigenous children must be included in clinical trials to reduce health disparities and improve health outcomes in these pediatric populations. Establishment of the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes Institutional Development Award States Pediatric Clinical Trials Network (ECHO ISPCTN) in 2016 creates a unique and timely opportunity to increase Indigenous children's participation in state-of-the-art clinical trials.
Indexed as
Alaska NativesCapacity BuildingChildChild WelfareClinical Trials as TopicHumansIndians, North AmericanResearch DesignSafetyUnited States
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