ArticleGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2022
The RAP study, report 4: morphological and topographical characteristics of multifocal macular neovascularization type 3.
Article in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global research trends and hotspots in the pathophysiology, imaging and therapy of type 3 macular neovascularization (MNV3) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD).Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Association of Molar Dose and Early Retinochoroidal Blood Flow Changes After Intravitreal Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Reshaping the Burden of nAMD: National, Regional, and Global Prevalence of MNV3 and Its Correlation With Life Expectancy-The RAP Study, Report 7.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Importance of optical coherence tomography raster scans in early detection of active fellow-eye neovascularization in unilateral neovascular age-related macular degeneration.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- The potential key role of choroidal non-perfusion and rod degeneration in the pathogenesis of macular neovascularization type 3.Eye (London, England) · 2024Review
- Current Perspectives on Type 3 Macular Neovascularization due to Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Ophthalmologica. Journal international d'ophtalmologie. International journal of ophthalmology. Zeitschrift fur Augenheilkunde · 2024Review
- INFLAMMATORY CELL ACTIVITY IN TREATED NEOVASCULAR AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION: A Histologic Case Study.Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2023Article
- Histology of Type 3 Macular Neovascularization and Microvascular Anomalies in Treated Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Case Study.Ophthalmology science · 2023Article
- Do patients with unilateral macular neovascularization type 3 need AREDS supplements to slow the progression to advanced age-related macular degeneration?Eye (London, England) · 2023Article
- THE RAP STUDY, REPORT 5: REDISCOVERING MACULAR NEOVASCULARIZATION TYPE 3: Multimodal Imaging of Fellow Eyes over 24 months.Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo report on the morphological characteristics and regional distribution of multifocal macular neovascularization type 3 (mMNV3).
methodsTwenty-two consecutive eyes of 21 patients with mMNV3 were included using multimodal imaging. The count and stage of lesions of all MNV types and the existence of exudate and hemorrhage were determined. Also, we addressed the regional distribution of MNV3 lesions between the superior-inferior and the nasal-temporal halves of the macula, and the range of the distance of the lesions from the central fovea. Furthermore, we explored the number of feeding vessels including the cilioretinal artery.
resultsWe found 51 lesions in 22 eyes of 21 patients. They were bifocal in 16 (73%) eyes, trifocal in 5 (23%), and quadrifocal in one (4%). No lesion of MNV1 or 2 was found. Fifteen (68%), 2 (9%), and 16 (73%) eyes were associated with retinal hard exudate, subretinal pigment epithelium exudate, and intraretinal hemorrhage, respectively. Thirty (59%) lesions were located in the temporal half of the macula, whereas 21 (41%) were located nasally (p = 0.07). One (2%) lesion was closer than 500 µm, 49 (96%) between 500 and 1500 µm, and one (2%) between 1500 and 3000 µm. The lesions were supplied by one arteriole in one (4%) eye, two arterioles in 16 (73%) eyes, and 3 arterioles in 5 (23%) eyes. The CRA contributed as a feeding vessel in 5 (23%) eyes.
conclusionThe multifocal variant of MNV3 has specific morphological and topographical characteristics. Multimodal imaging allows the understanding of the pathomorphological condition in more detail.
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