Trial reportJAMA network open2021
Association of COVID-19 Mitigation Measures With Changes in Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Body Mass Index Among Children Aged 7 to 10 Years in Austria.
Trial report in JAMA network open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Weight Gain Associated with COVID-19 Lockdown in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Prevalence of Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Public School Students.The Journal of school health · 2025Article
- Effect of a Web-Based Nutritional and Physical Activity Intervention With Email Support (the EDDY Program) on Primary School Children's BMI Z-Score During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Intervention Study.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2024Article
- Differences in the Development of Motor Skills in Portuguese Children Aged 12 Months after 3 Years of COVID-19 Confinement.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Childhood Obesity Trends among 8-11-Year-Olds: Insights from a School Sample in Vienna, Austria (2017-2023).Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdowns on Body Mass Index of Primary School Children from Different Socioeconomic Backgrounds.Sports medicine - open · 2024Article
- A scoping review of physical activity-based interventions for obesity management in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2024Article
- Changes in children's cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic: a 34-month longitudinal study of 331 primary school children.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2024Article
- The effects of the COVID-19 lockdowns on motor skill development of 6- and 7-year old children in the Netherlands: a longitudinal study.BMC public health · 2023Article
- The long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical fitness in young adults: a historical control study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Covid Pandemic Effects on the Physical Fitness of Primary School Children: Results of the German EMOTIKON Project.Sports medicine - open · 2023Article
- Endocrine manifestations of COVID-19 in children: A scoping review.Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism · 2023Article
- Students' Perspectives on School Sports Trips in the Context of Participation and Democratic Education.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- European fitness landscape for children and adolescents: updated reference values, fitness maps and country rankings based on nearly 8 million test results from 34 countries gathered by the FitBack network.British journal of sports medicine · 2023Article
- Physical fitness before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results of annual national physical fitness surveillance among 16,647,699 Japanese children and adolescents between 2013 and 2021.Journal of sport and health science · 2023Article
- Pre and Post Pandemic Depressive and Anxious Symptoms in Children and Adolescents in Northern Chile.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Increased incidence of overweight and obesity among preschool Swedish children during the COVID-19 pandemic.European journal of public health · 2023Article
- Ongoing Increase in Incidence of Diabetes in Austrian Children and Adolescents (1989-2021): Results from a Nationwide Registry.Pediatric diabetes · 2023Article
- Long COVID as a functional somatic symptom disorder caused by abnormally precise prior expectations during Bayesian perceptual processing: A new hypothesis and implications for pandemic response.SAGE open medicine · 2023Review
- Physical fitness in Austrian elementary school children prior to and post-COVID-19.AIMS public health · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Importance: Previous studies have shown reductions in self-reported physical activity levels in children associated with implementation of COVID-19 mitigation measures, and data on objectively assessed health parameters are limited. Objective: To examine the association of COVID-19 mitigation measures with changes in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) measures and body mass index (BMI) among primary schoolchildren. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study included children aged 7 to 10 years from 12 randomly selected primary schools in urban and rural districts of Klagenfurt, Austria. Baseline CRF and BMI measurements were obtained in September 2019 before COVID-19 mitigation measures were implemented, and follow-up measurements were obtained in June and September 2020. Exposures: COVID-19 mitigation measures. Main Outcomes and Measures: Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured with a 6-minute endurance run test. Height and weight were objectively measured. Standard deviation scores were calculated for CRF and BMI. Changes over time were analyzed using analyses of variance. Secondary analyses were performed for subgroups stratified by sex. Results: A total of 764 children (383 girls [50.1%]) aged 7 to 10 years had all measurements completed. From September 2019 to September 2020, CRF SD scores changed by -1.06 (95% CI, -1.13 to -1.00), with a similar decrease in both boys and girls. Body mass index SD scores had increased by 0.12 (95% CI, 0.06-0.16) in June 2020 and by 0.16 (95% CI, 0.12-0.20) in September 2020 compared with September 2019. The increase in BMI SD scores (from September 2019 to September 2020) was greater among boys (0.23; 95% CI, 0.18-0.29) than among girls (0.09; 95% CI, 0.04-0.15). During the 1-year period, the percentage of children with overweight or obesity increased from 20.3% (155 children) to 24.1% (184 children) (difference, 3.8% [29 children]). Conclusions and Relevance: In this cohort study of children in Austria, COVID-19 mitigation measures were associated with decreases in CRF measures and increases in BMI. The findings suggest that collaborative efforts are needed to reverse these changes in children's health to prevent long-term negative health outcomes.
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