Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34435311›Full record

SynthesisSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2022

Sleep duration and health outcomes: an umbrella review.

Jin Li, Dehong Cao, Yin Huang, Zeyu Chen, Ruyi Wang, Qiang Dong, Qiang Wei, Liangren Liu

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 114 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
114citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

114 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Effects of motivational music on sleep quality for caregivers of patients with advanced cancer: a randomized controlled trial.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
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  10. Relationship between MSpOSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026
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54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jin LiDepartment of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Dehong CaoDepartment of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Yin HuangDepartment of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Zeyu ChenDepartment of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Ruyi WangDepartment of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Qiang DongDepartment of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Qiang WeiDepartment of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. weiqiang933@126.com.
Liangren LiuDepartment of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. liuliangren@scu.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo collect existing evidence on the relationship between sleep duration and health outcomes.

methodsA thorough search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception to January, 2021. Meta-analyses of observational and interventional studies were eligible if they examined the associations between sleep duration and human health.

resultsIn total, this umbrella review identified 69 meta-analyses with 11 outcomes for cancers and 30 outcomes for non-cancer conditions. Inappropriate sleep durations may significantly elevate the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), cognitive decline, coronary heart disease (CHD), depression, falls, frailty, lung cancer, metabolic syndrome (MS), and stroke. Dose-response analysis revealed that a 1-h reduction per 24 hours is associated with an increased risk by 3-11% of all-cause mortality, CHD, osteoporosis, stroke, and T2DM among short sleepers. Conversely, a 1-h increment in long sleepers is associated with a 7-17% higher risk of stroke mortality, CHD, stroke, and T2DM in adults.

conclusionInappropriate sleep duration is a risk factor for developing non-cancer conditions. Decreasing and increasing sleep hours towards extreme sleep durations are associated with poor health outcomes.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2StrokeAdultHumansRisk FactorsSleepSystematic Reviews as TopicAppropriate sleep durationLong sleep durationMeta-analysisReference sleep durationShort sleep duration

Identifiers

PMID34435311

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.