ArticleFrontiers in public health2021
Preexisting Mental Disorders Increase the Risk of COVID-19 Infection and Associated Mortality.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19 risk, course and outcome in people with mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analyses.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Identifying direct risk factors in UK Biobank via simultaneous Bayesian-frequentist model-averaged hypothesis testing using Doublethink.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 infection and sleep health in Military Health System beneficiaries.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2026Article
- Factors Associated with Acute and Persistence of Depressive Symptoms among the General Population during the COVID-19 Pandemic in South Korea: An Online Longitudinal Survey Study.Chonnam medical journal · 2026Article
- Sickness absence among privately employed white-collar workers during the COVID-19 pandemic; a prospective cohort study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- The Impact of State COVID-19 Responses on People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.Inclusion (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- The relationship between mental health problems and risk of infectious diseases: A Mendelian randomization analysis.Medicine · 2024Article
- Novel Insights into Changes in Gene Expression within the Hypothalamus in Two Asthma Mouse Models: A Transcriptomic Lung-Brain Axis Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Immune responses during COVID-19 breakthrough cases in vaccinated children and adolescents.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Study on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of Chinese college students: a cross-sectional analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- The Relationship between Depression and COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake and Intention among Korean Adults: The 2021 Community Health Survey.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Identification and Prediction of Clinical Phenotypes in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19: Machine Learning From Medical Records.JMIR formative research · 2023Article
- Immunologic and Autoimmune-Related Sequelae of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection: Clinical Symptoms and Mechanisms of Disease.Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America · 2023Review
- [Health of homeless individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2023Review
- The Relationship Between a History of High-risk and Destructive Behaviors and COVID-19 Infection: Preliminary Study.JMIR formative research · 2023Article
- Mental disorders and COVID-19 deaths: Clinical, public health, and human rights implications.PLoS medicine · 2023Article
- Review
- Vulnerability of Parkinson's Patients to COVID-19 and Its Consequences and Effects on Them: A Systematic Review.Parkinson's disease · 2023Review
- Is there an association between depression, anxiety disorders and COVID-19 severity and mortality? A multicenter retrospective cohort study conducted in 50 hospitals in Germany.Journal of psychiatric research · 2023Article
- Inventory study of an early pandemic COVID-19 cohort in South-Eastern Sweden, focusing on neurological manifestations.PloS one · 2023Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a respiratory disease of unknown origin, has a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Individuals with mental disorders may have a higher risk of infection and worse clinical outcomes because of a variety of factors such as poorer general resilience and lower immune function. However, there have been no studies to date specifically investigating the risk of COVID-19 and associated mortality in these patients. This was addressed in the present study by analyzing the data of 473,958 subjects included in the UK Biobank, 14,877 of whom tested positive for COVID-19 infection. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the associations between mental disorders and risks of COVID-19 infection and associated mortality. The results showed that subjects who were diagnosed with a mental disorder had a significantly higher risk of developing COVID-19 and a worse outcome as evidenced by higher rates of COVID-19-related mortality, with the strongest effects observed for dementia. Among dementia subtypes, Alzheimer disease patients had the highest risks of COVID-19 infection (7.39-fold increase) and associated mortality (2.13-fold increase). Late-life anxiety only increased the risk of developing COVID-19 while late-life depression not only was associated with a higher risk of infection but also a worse outcome. These findings highlight the need to prioritize patients with mental disorders-especially those who experience these disorders later in life-when implementing preventive strategies such as vaccinations.
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