Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34434105›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2021

Case Report: Can Inhaled Adenosine Attenuate COVID-19?

Bruce D Spiess, Michael Sitkovsky, Pierpaolo Correale, Nikolaus Gravenstein, Cynthia Garvan, Timothy E Morey, Brenda G Fahy, Leslie Hendeles, Thomas J Pliura, Thomas D Martin and 3 more

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Adenosine-mediated immune responses in inflammatory bowel disease.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Bruce D SpiessDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Michael SitkovskyNew England Inflammation and Tissue Protection Institute - Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States.
Pierpaolo CorrealeMedical Oncology Unit, Covid19 Scientific Task Force, Grand Metropolitan Hospital, Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Nikolaus GravensteinDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Cynthia GarvanDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Timothy E MoreyDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Florida School of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Brenda G FahyDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Leslie HendelesCollege of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Thomas J PliuraPrivate Practice Emergency Department, Champaign, IL, United States.
Thomas D MartinDepartment of Surgery (Cardiac Surgery), University of Florida School of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Velyn WuDepartment of Community Health and Family Medicine, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Corey AstromDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Florida School of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Danielle S NelsonDepartment of Community Health and Family Medicine, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This case report demonstrates a small repetition of the case series carried out in Italy wherein inhaled adenosine was administered to patients experiencing severe and worsening coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). The two cases are important not only because they were the first of their type in the United States, but also because both patients were DNR/DNI and were therefore expected to die. Study repetition is vitally important in medicine. New work in pharmacology hypothesizes that adenosine-regulator proteins may play a role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 infection. Furthermore, adenosine, by interacting with cell receptor sites, has pluripotent effects upon inflammatory cells, is anti-inflammatory, and is important in tissue hypoxia signaling. Inhaled adenosine is potentially safe; thousands have received it for asthmatic challenge testing. The effects of adenosine in these two cases were rapid, positive, and fit the pharmacologic hypotheses (as seen in prior work in this journal) and support its role as a therapeutic nucleoside.

Indexed as

acute respiratory distress syndromeadenosineARDScase reportCOVID-19nebulizer

Identifiers

PMID34434105
PMCPMC8381598

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.