Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34434070›Full record

ArticleDesigned monomers and polymers2021

Nanoemulsions as novel nanocarrieres for drug delivery across the skin: In-vitro, in-vivo evaluation of miconazole nanoemulsions for treatment of

Umar Farooq, Akhtar Rasul, Muhammad Zafarullah, Ghulam Abbas, Maria Rasool, Farman Ali, Shabbir Ahmed, Zeeshan Javaid, Zoya Abid, Humayun Riaz and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Designed monomers and polymers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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  4. Development, Characterization,Current medicinal chemistry · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Umar FarooqDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
Akhtar RasulDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9321-0087
Muhammad ZafarullahEmergency Department, Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore, Pakistan.
Ghulam AbbasDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
Maria RasoolGovernment College University Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Farman AliBeaumont Hospital Dearborn, Michigan, USA.
Shabbir AhmedDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Synthetic Biology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Zeeshan JavaidDepartment of Pharmacy, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan.
Zoya AbidDepartment of Pharmacy, Islam College of Pharmacy, Sialkot, Pakistan.
Humayun RiazDepartment of Pharmacy, Rashid Latif College of Pharmacy, Lahore, Pakistan.
Rana Khalid Mahmood ArshadDepartment of Pharmacy, Rashid Latif College of Pharmacy, Lahore, Pakistan.
Shayan MaryamDepartment of Pharmacy, Rashid Latif College of Pharmacy, Lahore, Pakistan.
Naseem AmnaDepartment of Pharmacy, Rashid Latif College of Pharmacy, Lahore, Pakistan.
Kanwal AsifDepartment of Pharmacy, Rashid Latif College of Pharmacy, Lahore, Pakistan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In the current research, attempt is made to fabricate a nanoemulsion (NE) containing an antifungal agent. The prepared formulation has been expected to enhance skin penetration. It is also studied for in vitro drug release and toxicity assessment. Spontaneous titration method was used for preparation of NE. Prepared NE were characterized for their charge, size, morphology, rheological behaviour, drug release profile, skin permeability. The drug permeation and skin irritation were investigated. The in vitro antifungal activity was inspected using the well agar diffusion method. Miconazole NE showed good penetration in the skin as compared to marketed products. SEM showed semispherical shapes of the droplets. Zeta potential and zeta sizer showed that size was in nano ranges having positive charge.

Indexed as

gelatinmiconazoleNanoemulsiontopical delivery system

Identifiers

PMID34434070
PMCPMC8382019

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.